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Forest Fires and Climate Change in the 21ST Century 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
M. D. Flannigan B. D. Amiro K. A. Logan B. J. Stocks B. M. Wotton 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2006,11(4):847-859
Fire is the major stand-renewing disturbance in the circumboreal forest. Weather and climate are the most important factors
influencing fire activity and these factors are changing due to human-caused climate change. This paper discusses and synthesises
the current state of fire and climate change research and the potential direction for future studies on fire and climate change.
In the future, under a warmer climate, we expect more severe fire weather, more area burned, more ignitions and a longer fire
season. Although there will be large spatial and temporal variation in the fire activity response to climate change. This
field of research allows us to better understand the interactions and feedbacks between fire, climate, vegetation and humans
and to identify vulnerable regions. Lastly, projections of fire activity for this century can be used to explore options for
mitigation and adaptation. 相似文献
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The Ontario Ministry of Environment (MOE) recently participated in a joint Canadian/U.S. program to monitor the behavior and environmental impact of prescribed fires. Air, soil and ash samples were collected at the burn sites and analyzed for chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (CDD) and dibenzofurans (CDF). Preliminary results indicated that larger air sample volumes were required. 相似文献
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Abstract: Species occurrence in a habitat patch depends on local habitat and the amount of that habitat in the wider landscape. We used predictions from empirical landscape studies to set quantitative conservation criteria and targets in a multispecies and multiscale conservation planning effort. We used regression analyses to compare species richness and occurrence of five red‐listed lichens on 50 ancient oaks (Quercus robur; 120–140 cm in diameter) with the density of ancient oaks in circles of varying radius from each individual oak. Species richness and the occurrence of three of the five species were best explained by increasing density of oaks within 0.5 km; one species was best explained by the density of oaks within 2 km, and another was best predicted by the density of oaks within 5 km. The minimum numbers of ancient oaks required for “successful conservation” was defined as the number of oaks required to obtain a predicted local occurrence of 50% for all species included or a predicted local occurrence of 80% for all species included. These numbers of oaks were calculated for two relevant landscape scales (1 km2 and 13 km2) that corresponded to various species responses, in such a way that calculations also accounted for local number of oaks. Ten and seven of the 50 ancient oaks surveyed were situated in landscapes that already fulfilled criteria for successful conservation when the 50% and 80% criteria, respectively, were used to define the level of successful conservation. For cost‐efficient conservation, oak stands in the landscapes most suitable for successful conservation should be prioritized for conservation and management (e.g., grazing and planting of new oaks) at the expense of oak stands situated elsewhere. 相似文献
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In recent years there has been growing interest in Britain in the possibility of opting for underground, rather than surface, extraction methods for low value aggregates. Such a policy would lead to reduced environmental impact and could, under particular circumstances, offer cost advantages to the producer. An assured supply of aggregates at acceptable cost is essential to any modern industrialised country. There is therefore a need to devise a technique capable of assessing the financial implications of a switch from surface to underground production of aggregates in any region. This paper reports the development of a computerised simulation programme, able to calculate the costs of underground working with sufficient accuracy to facilitate strategic decisions on the merits of more detailed analysis in any area of interest. An example is reported of the use of the programme to evaluate underground stone mining potential in the South East of England. 相似文献
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