La1-xCexFe0.7Co0.3O3-δ网状多层纳米纤维对碳烟催化燃烧性能研究

采用静电纺丝法制备了一系列钙钛矿催化剂La_(1-x)Ce_xFe_(0.7)Co_(0.3)O_(3-δ)(x=0、0.1、0.2、0.3和0.4),并采用XRD、SEM、FT-IR、H2-TPR和O_2-TPD等技术分析了Ce掺杂量对催化剂结构、微观形貌及理化特性的影响.同时,采用程序升温氧化(TPO)技术评价了催化剂对碳烟的催化燃烧活性,探讨了催化剂对碳烟的催化燃烧机理.结果表明:在La_(1-x)Ce_xFe_(0.7)Co_(0.3)O_(3-δ)中掺杂适宜的Ce有助于提高催化剂活性,改善催化剂比表面积和孔容积.在催化剂与碳烟松散接触条件下,当Ce掺杂量(质量百分比)为0.3时,所制备的La_(0.7)Ce_(0.3)Fe_(0.7)Co_(0.3)O_(3-δ)对碳烟的起燃温度(T_(ig))、最大燃烧温度(T_m)和燃尽温度(T_f)分别为329.5、409.8和421.1℃,呈现良好的催化氧化活性.碳烟最大转化效率为98.7%,平均活化能为123 kJ·mol~(-1),CO_2选择率为98.2%,实现了对柴油机碳烟排放污染物有效"过滤+催化燃烧"的双重目标.     

异质结型SnO2-TiO2纳米纤维光催化降解柴油机多环芳烃

采用同轴静电纺丝法制备了SnO_2-TiO_2纳米纤维,用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、红外光谱仪(FTIR)和紫外-可见光谱能谱仪(UV-Vis),表征了SnO_2-TiO_2纳米纤维相组成和微观形貌,评价了催化剂表面化学形态和吸光特性,研究了SnO_2含量、光源条件、温度和催化稳定性对降解萘污染物的影响规律.结果表明,催化剂Sn25对萘降解效率最高.在暗光、可见光和紫外光条件下,萘降解效率分别为13.8%、37%和98%.Sn25对萘降解稳定率(标准差率)为0.36%.利用催化剂Sn25对柴油机尾气中多环芳烃(PAHs)排放污染物光催化降解应用发现,Sn25对低苯环PAHs、中苯环PAHs和高苯环PAHs的平均催化降解效率分别为80.2%、75.4%和60.2%.表明SnO_2-TiO_2纳米纤维具有较强光催化降解多环芳烃污染物能力.     

超低排放改造后燃煤电厂常规大气污染物排放特征

基于海口电厂"超低排放"燃煤机组在线监测数据和实测结果,研究颗粒物、SO₂、NO_x排放特征,分析颗粒物粒径分布和化学成分谱.结果显示,"超低排放"机组颗粒物、SO₂、NO_x排放浓度均值分别为(1.57±0.81)、(15.15±6.23)和(40.10±3.63) mg·m^-3,均满足超低排放限值要求.TSP、PM₁₀、PM_2.5、PM₁、SO₂、NO_x的排放因子均值分别为0.0099、0.0098、0.0092、0.0065、 0.1131、0.2882 kg·t^-1,排放因子集中在很窄的区间内,呈正态或偏正态分布,与未进行超低改造研究结果比较,排放因子减小了1～2个数量级.颗粒物数浓度分布呈双峰分布,数浓度峰值粒径为0.027μm和0.641μm;质量浓度呈单峰分布,峰值粒径为1.100μm.PM₁₀、PM_2.5...     

Nano-oxides washcoat for enhanced catalytic oxidation activity toward the perovskite-based monolithic catalyst

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In order to explore a superior washcoat material to give full play to the catalytic activity of perovskite active components on the monolithic...     

Effect of bulk density of coking coal on swelling pressure

Coking coals are the important raw materials for the iron and steel industries and play an important role on its sustainable development, especially on the stamp-charging coke making with the characteristics of increasing the bulk density. There is a significance on the reasonable usage of the coking coal resource with the reduced production cost, improved efficiency of the economy to develop the stamp-charging coke making technology. Important effects of the density of coking coal on the coking and caking properties were investigated. In the article, the maximum values of swelling pressure and variation of Laowan gas coal and Xinjian 1/3 coking coal, Longhu fat coal and Didao coking coal, which were mined at Shenyang and Qitaihe respectively, were investigated under different bulk densities during the coking. The results showed that when the values of density increased from 0.85 ton/m³ to 1.05 ton/m³, for the Laowan gas coal, swelling pressure variation and even the maximum value changed slightly. The swelling pressure was 3.63 KPa when the density was improved to 1.05 ton/m³; for the Xinjian 1/3 coking coal, the values of swelling pressure changed significantly and the maximum values was 82.88 KPa with the density improved to 1.05 when the coal was heated to 600℃. The coke porosity, which was investigated by automatic microphotometer, decreased from 47.4% to 33.1% with the increasing of the density from 0.85 ton/m³ to 1.05 ton/m³, and the decreased value was 14.3%. Meanwhile, the pore structures of four cokes were characterized by an optical microscope.     

Effect of bulk density of coking coal on swelling pressure

Coking coals are the important raw materials for the iron and steel industries and play an important role on its sustainable development, especially on the stamp-charging coke making with the characteristics of increasing the bulk density. There is a significance on the reasonable usage of the coking coal resource with the reduced production cost, improved efficiency of the economy to develop the stamp-charging coke making technology. Important effects of the density of coking coal on the coking and caking properties were investigated. In the article, the maximum values of swelling pressure and variation of Laowan gas coal and Xinjian 1/3 coking coal, Longhu fat coal and Didao coking coal, which were mined at Shenyang and Qitaihe respectively, were investigated under different bulk densities during the coking. The results showed that when the values of density increased from 0.85 ton/m³ to 1.05 ton/m³, for the Laowan gas coal, swelling pressure variation and even the maximum value changed slightly. The swelling pressure was 3.63 KPa when the density was improved to 1.05 ton/m³; for the Xinjian 1/3 coking coal, the values of swelling pressure changed significantly and the maximum values was 82.88 KPa with the density improved to 1.05 when the coal was heated to 600°C. The coke porosity, which was investigated by automatic microphotometer, decreased from 47.4% to 33.1% with the increasing of the density from 0.85 ton/m³ to 1.05 ton/m³, and the decreased value was 14.3%. Meanwhile, the pore structures of four cokes were characterized by an optical microscope.     

通辽市生物多样性资源评价研究

通辽市地理环境过渡性特征明显,生态系统复杂多样,典型性和特殊性明显,生态系统对水源涵养功能、风沙源防控关键、维系区域民生、社会稳定等发挥了重要作用。本文依据定量与定性相结合的方法,从生态系统、植物多样性、动物多样性、真菌多样性、湿地生物多样性、农业生物多样性等各方面对通辽市生物多样性资源开展评价,综合评价结果为通辽市生物多样性保护与利用提供了重要参考。     

乌江中上游鱼体含汞量的研究

以乌江中上游设置的4个采样点所采集的4种底栖性鱼类为材料,进行取样测试,研究了鱼体含汞量差异。结果表明,乌江中上游4个样点的水域底泥含汞量存在显著差异,由此造成4种底栖性鱼类肌肉含汞量在不同样点之间存在极显著性差异。其中乌江镇4种底栖性鱼类肌肉含汞量显著高于六圭河、洪家渡及六广的同种类鱼体的含汞量。在同一样点内的4种底栖性鱼类肌肉含汞量也存在明显差异,其趋势为鲤＜黑尾＜鲇＜黄颡鱼。4种底栖性鱼类肌肉含汞量与体重存在极显著相关性,且同种鱼类在不同样点中汞在鱼体内的积累与它所处的食物链营养级是相一致的,但单位体重含汞量却有明显差异,同时鱼体含汞量随体重的增加而增大     

长白山东坡植被指数变化及其对气候变化的响应

长白山地处温带针阔混交林的中心地带,对气候变化较为敏感.因此,探讨长白山区落叶松(Larix olgensis)树轮宽度和森林归一化植被指数(NDVI)与气候因子的关系,对于了解全球气候变暖背景下陆地生态系统的响应具有重要意义.以长白山自然保护区东坡为研究地点,利用东坡落叶松树轮宽度指数和选取1982-2006年UMD GIMMS NDVI数据及天池气候数据,在分析树轮宽度及NDVI与气候因子关系的基础上,重点探讨长白山东坡落叶松径向生长与NDVI之间的关系,并利用多元回归分析建立落叶松树轮指数与气候因子及年生物量生长量与NDVI的模拟回归方程.结果显示:(1)1957年以来该区温度呈极显著上升趋势,冬季升温最为显著,降水呈微弱下降趋势.(2)1982-2006年年均、夏季和生长季NDVI均呈缓慢下降趋势.(3)长白落叶松年表特征分析表明其生长对气候敏感,适用于进行年轮气候学分析.(4)NDVI与月平均温度相关性较强,且多以正相关为主,与月降水量多为负相关性.(5)落叶松径向生长受当年生长季的气候因子的影响强于上年,但是显著相关的月份略有差异,并且降水的影响要优于温度.(6)落叶松树轮宽度和年生物量生长量与NDVI以负相关为主,生长季NDVI与树轮年表相关性较差,而非生长季NDVI与年表相关性较好.(7)林分单位面积地上生物量为240.72 t/hm2,2009年林分生物量生长量约为2.91 t hm-2 a-1,即每公顷每年固碳约1.46 t,表明该地区老龄落叶松林仍具有较强的固碳能力.综上所述,在长白山地区,长时间序列的年轮宽度数据并不能很好地反映NDVI的长时期变化,利用树轮宽度指数重建该区NDVI有待进一步研究.     

钢铁领域CO2减排协同发展的实现策略——以京津冀为例

本文运用C-D生产函数修正传统的LMDI指数分解法并构建Tapio及交叉脱钩模型,结合灰色预测模型GM(1, 1),实证分析2006—2025年京津冀钢铁领域碳排放的碳强度、驱动因素、脱钩指数及协同关系。结果发现：(1)京津冀从“十一五”到“十四五”时期钢铁领域碳排放由快速增长变为缓慢增长,北京市和天津市钢铁领域的碳排放强度均低于地区平均水平,河北省则高于平均水平;(2)碳增排因素为能源消费碳强度和资本投入,碳减排因素为能源强度和技术进步,劳动投入逐渐从碳增排效应转变为碳减排效应;(3)京津冀钢铁领域碳排放与工业增加值未实现脱钩,且京津冀三地间脱钩协同关系多表现为不协同。鉴于京津冀城市群钢铁领域聚集,需推进钢铁领域实现协同脱钩,积极引领“双碳”行动。