Cultivar-dependent rhizobacteria community and cadmium accumulation in rice: Effects on cadmium availability in soils and iron-plaque formation

The association between the rhizospheric microbial community and Cd accumulation in rice is poorly understood. A field trial was conducted to investigate the different rhizobacterial communities of two rice cultivars with high Cd accumulation (HA) and low Cd accumulation (LA) at four growth stages. Results showed that the Cd content in the roots of the HA cultivar was 1.23 - 27.53 higher than that of the LA cultivar (0.08 - 10.5 µg/plant) at four stages. The LA cultivar had a significantly lower Cd availability in rhizosphere and a higher quantity of iron plaque (IP) on the root surface than the HA cultivar at four stages. This resulted in the reduction of Cd concentration in IPs and Cd translocation from IP-to-root. Microbial analysis indicated that the LA cultivar formed a distinct rhizobacterial community from the HA cultivar and had less α-diversity. The rhizosphere of the LA cultivar was enriched in specific bacterial taxa (e.g., Massilia and Bacillus) involved in Cd immobilization by phosphate precipitation and IP formation by iron oxidization. However, the rhizosphere in the HA cultivar assembled abundant sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (e.g., Sulfuricurvum) and iron reduction bacteria (Geobacter). They promoted Cd mobilization and reduced IP formation via the metal redox process. This study reveals a potential approach in which specific rhizobacteria decrease or increase Cd accumulation in rice on contaminated soil and provides a new perspective for secure rice production.     

The effects of polyethersulfone and Nylon 6 micromembrane filters on the pyraclostrobin detection: adsorption performance and mechanism

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Adsorption of test substances on micromembrane filters during sample pretreatment before qualitative and quantitative analysis has greatly affected...     

茚虫威对映体在土壤中的选择性降解

研究了茚虫威在4种不同类型的农田土壤中的降解动态和选择性降解行为.结果表明,添加水平在0.1—5.0 mg.kg-1的条件下,茚虫威对映体在土壤中添加回收率在(78.56±3.16)%—(108.16±5.32)%之间,最低检测限为0.01 mg.kg-1,定量限为0.05 mg.kg-1.茚虫威在土壤中的消解符合一级动力学规律,消解过程受土壤pH值、有机质含量等因素的影响.茚虫威对映体在1#—4#土壤中的降解速率存在明显的差异性,E1的半衰期分别为15.33 d、19.09 d、10.61 d、11.40 d,E2的半衰期分别为15.44 d、15.61 d、8.58 d、11.13 d,降解快慢顺序为:3#>4#>1#>2#,表明茚虫威在偏碱性的土壤中的降解速率要快于在酸性土壤中,且对映体的半衰期差异在有机质含量较高的土壤中表现得更加明显;对映体分数EF值(enantiomer fraction)表明茚虫威对映体在4种供试土壤中除了1#土壤外均存在明显的立体选择性降解.