塔机安全监控与评估系统开发及应用

目前中国由于建设项目繁多,在役塔机数量急剧上升,若不加强监管和提升控制手段,安全事故隐患会随着塔机数量的增加剧增。本文对塔机安全事故发生的主要原因进行了分析,介绍了塔机安全监控和评估系统的技术现状,对一种新研发的塔机安全监控与评估系统做了简要阐述。同时通过对试点工程的应用,指出了本塔机安全监控和评估系统的优势,为塔机的安全作业监控提供了一个新的技术方法和手段。     

我国雾霾治理的路径选择

雾霾问题已经对我国经济社会可持续发展造成了严重危害,引起了全社会高度关注.针对雾霾治理难题,政府作为唯一的治理主体已经不足以及时解决由此带来的社会负效应,通过公众参与、简政放权实现社会协同治理势在必行.从社会协同治理理论出发,分析了我国雾霾治理存在的问题,构建了我国雾霾治理的社会协同治理模型,并提出优化我国雾霾治理政策的建议,以期寻求雾霾治理的长效机制.     

Ti/RuO2-IrO2-TiO2电极电解产生活性氯

采用电解法产生活性氯,降解废水中的有机物。考察了活性氯产生量的影响因素,并对Ti/RuO₂-IrO₂-TiO₂电极电解实际含氯废水的处理效果进行了研究。实验结果表明:通过增加Cl^-浓度和电流密度、减少SO₄^2-浓度和极板间距、降低电解温度的方法能够提高活性氯产生量,从而提高电极降解有机物的效果;对于Cl^-浓度为0.005 mol/L、COD为49 mg/L的废水,使用Ti/RuO₂-IrO₂-TiO₂电极,在极板间距为0.5 cm、电解温度为20 ℃、电流密度为20 mA/cm²、初始pH为8.0的条件下电解处理60 min,废水BOD₅/COD值由0.04提高到0.25,COD降至24 mg/L,达到DB 11/307—2013《水污染综合排放标准》中排入地表水体污染物B类排放限值(COD≤30 mg/L)的要求。     

油菜秸秆还田对水稻根系分布及稻谷产量的影响

根系健康是水稻正常生长及高产的前提,为明确油菜秸秆还田方式和还田量对水稻生长及产量的影响,以秸秆不还田作为对照,设置秸秆半量还田(1.5 t/hm2)、全量还田(3.0 t/hm2)、超量还田(4.5 t/hm2)3个还田量以及秸秆覆盖还田(FG)、秸秆翻埋还田(FM)两种还田方式,通过盆栽和大田试验相结合,研究秸秆处...     

The control effect of fungicide pyraclostrobin against freckle disease of banana and its residue dynamics under field conditions

ABSTRACT

Fungicide pyraclostrobin has been widely employed to control plant diseases by inhibiting the mitochondrial respiration of pathogenic fungi. Due to its broad spectrum, the extensive use of pyraclorstrobin was reported to cause emerging resistance on crops. Here, we evaluated the control effect of 250 g L^?1 of pyrachlostrobin suspension concentrate (SC) against freckle disease (caused by Phyllosticta spp) on banana. Meanwhile, the dissipation and residue dynamics of pyraclostrobin in banana and soil under field conditions were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with DAD detection in different locations. The analytical method was validated using spiked samples at three levels, which indicated the recoveries ranged from 92.0% to 99.0% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) below 5%, providing a sensitive, precise and reliable method to monitor pyraclostrobin in banana fruit and soil. The dissipation of pyraclostrobine followed the first-order kinetics and its half-lives were 5.25 to 9.90 days. In addition, the terminal residues of pyraclostrobin in banana, banana sarcocarp and soil were below the maximum residue limit (MRL) (0.02 mg kg^?1) after a pre-harvest interval (PHI) of 42 days, which suggesting that the use of pyraclostrobin at recommended dosages was safe to banana and the environment. In summary, we demonstrated the integrated evaluation on the disease control capacity of pyraclostrobin and its environmental behavior on banana, aiming to provide solid and basic data for the safe use of fungicide pyraclostrobin.     

Abundance and distribution characteristics of microplastic in plateau cultivated land of Yunnan Province,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Microplastic pollution in cultivated soil has received increasing attention recently. There may be more serious microplastic abundance but little...     

麦草低污染制浆新技术

麦草低污染制浆新工艺采用亚硫酸钠-甲醛-蒽醌（加入少量催化剂）制浆（SFP-AQ法）,生产吨浆的COD排放总量下降30％,色度下降60％,悬浮物总量下降50％,制浆黑液的pH值下降至7～8。采用该新工艺同时还可产生表面活性好、便于利用的木素磺酸钠和其他产品,使纤维资源得到综合利用,为解决中小型草浆造纸厂的污染问题提供一条有效途径。j     

不同氨氮浓度对混凝-超滤组合工艺水质处理效果及膜通量的影响

我国地表水源污染物中氨氮是普遍存在的,且难以处理,实验选择混凝-超滤组合工艺,腐殖酸为NOM的代表物,通过考察污染物中氨氮不同含量水平的变化,考察氨氮含量对出水水质、通量下降和污染类型这3个方面的影响。结果表明,在给定实验条件下,氨氮含量由0.1 mg/L增大至0.5 mg/L时,加快了污染物在膜表面的沉积,最终导致出水有机物含量降低。PVDF和PVC膜的TOC去除率分别提高17.31%和23.21%,UV254去除率分别提高2.78%和11.72%,膜组件通量分别下降了3.51%和10.17%。考察膜污染类型,发现氨氮促进了标准孔堵塞和滤饼层形成,同时削弱完全孔堵塞和中间孔堵塞。