Associations between co-exposure to multiple metals and renal function: a cross-sectional study in Guangxi,China

The association between co-exposure to multiple metals and renal function is poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate the individual and joint effects of metal exposure on renal function in this study. We performed a cross-sectional study including 5828 participants in Guangxi, China, in 2019. Urine concentrations of 17 metals were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Logistic regression model and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were applied to investigate the association of individual metal exposure with renal dysfunction. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to assess the co-exposure effects of the metals. Participants with the highest quartile of urinary Cu were at 1.84-fold (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.20–2.87) increased risk of renal dysfunction compared with the lowest quartile. The highest quartiles of urinary Sr, Cs, V, Ba, and Se were associated with 0.27-fold (95% CI: 0.17–0.43), 0.33 (95% CI: 0.19–0.53), 0.41 (95% CI: 0.25–0.65), 0.58 (95% CI: 0.36–0.90), and 0.33 (95% CI: 0.19–0.56) decreased risk of renal dysfunction compared with their lowest quartile, respectively. Furthermore, urinary Ba and Cu were non-linearly correlated with renal dysfunction. The WQS analysis showed that mixed metal exposure was inversely associated with renal dysfunction (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.35–0.62), and Sr accounted for the largest weight (52.2%), followed by Cs (32.3%) in the association. Moreover, we observed a potential interaction between Cu, Cs, and Ba for renal dysfunction in BKMR model. Exposure to Se, Sr, Cs, V, and Ba is associated with decreased risk of renal dysfunction, whereas an increased risk is associated with Cu exposure. Co-exposure to these metals is negatively associated with renal dysfunction, and Sr and Cs are the main contributors to the associations.

     

不同亲疏水性质纳米氧化铝存在下铜对斜生栅藻毒性效应的研究

纳米氧化铝是应用非常广泛的一类人工纳米材料。当它被释放到水环境中后,会与环境中原有的重金属发生相互作用并对其毒性产生影响。文章研究了不同亲疏水性质的纳米氧化铝存在下铜对斜生栅藻的毒性效应,测定了藻细胞的生长抑制、金属积累及超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽、丙二醛等生化指标的变化。结果表明,纳米氧化铝显著降低了铜离子对藻细胞的生长抑制,藻细胞内铜的积累量及氧化损伤降低。但不同亲疏水性质的纳米氧化铝之间并不存在显著差别。这可能是由于纳米氧化铝对水中的铜离子发生了吸附,间接降低了藻液中的不稳态铜的浓度,从而减轻了铜对藻细胞的毒害。而纳米氧化铝的不同亲疏水性质对吸附水中铜离子的能力没有显著的影响。     

新型覆土材料的CH_4氧化能力与N_2O释放能力

在垃圾卫生填埋处理技术中,覆土材料的选择对处理成本和技术都至关重要.探究了新型覆土材料(矿化垃圾+牛粪+木屑)的CH4氧化能力,并进一步分析了温度、含水率、初始φ(CH4)和好氧厌氧等环境因素对CH4氧化能力的影响.结果表明:1新型覆土中矿化垃圾的填埋龄不同,其CH4氧化能力也有所差异,填埋龄较久的覆土B(10 a)、C(15 a)在培养时间内对CH4去除率和氧化速率均明显高于覆土A(5 a);2当温度为30℃、含水率为35%时,新型覆土的CH4氧化能力最高;3用米歇尔-门坦方程表征CH4降解的过程,R2(相关系数)为0.993,CH4氧化速率最大值为5.21μmol/(g·h),半速常数为5.48%;4厌氧环境中新型覆土具有CH4氧化能力,而厌氧环境中CH4去除率相对好氧环境更慢,培养20 d后,厌氧环境CH4去除率为83%;5当土壤孔隙含水率分别为46%、70%时,覆土干湿交替导致的N2O和CO2释放量远小于CH4氧化量,故N2O增温效应可忽略.由矿化垃圾+牛粪+木屑组成的新型覆土材料的CH4氧化速率最大值比现有覆土材料高1~2个数量级,其可应用于不同类型填埋场,特别是降雨较多的南方垃圾填埋场,可有效减缓垃圾填埋气CH4的释放影响.     

河南省2015-2019年大气污染时空变化特征研究

河南省位于京津冀周边区域,其大气复合污染形势较为严峻.本研究利用河南省2015-2019年83个国控站点数据,综合探究了 PM10、PM2.5、SO2、NO2、CO和O3MAD8(臭氧日最大8h平均值)的时空变化特征.与2015年相比,2019年河南省PM10、PM2.5、SO2、NO2和CO年均浓度分别下降了 26....     

The mediating role of coagulation function on the association of prenatal exposure to aflatoxin B1 and postpartum hemorrhage in Guangxi,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Pregnant women are vulnerable to certain environmental agents, one of which is aflatoxin. As one of the most popular aflatoxins, Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)...