Ca2+在饮用水铜绿微囊藻控制中的应用

为改善饮用水藻类的混凝去除效果,以铜绿微囊藻为研究对象,考察了单独投加Ca²⁺、Ca²⁺与PAC联用、Ca²⁺与CO₃^2-原位结晶三种方法的除藻效果,并对Ca²⁺和结晶产物CaCO₃的除藻机制进行探讨.结果表明,单独采用Ca²⁺时,Ca²⁺在低浓度下对藻细胞具有吸附电中和作用,高浓度时同时还有架桥作用,但两者均无法实现对铜绿微囊藻的去除.Ca²⁺与PAC联用,Ca²⁺可以通过吸附电中和显著提高PAC的除藻效果,最大去除率可达98.0%,同时Ca²⁺与溶解性藻源有机物（dAOM）的络合可将残余铝降低50%以上.含藻水中原位CaCO₃结晶对铜绿微囊藻的去除率最高可达83.5%,其产物为带正电荷、粒径2~4 μm左右的球型球霰石.球霰石对藻细胞的去除机制包括球霰石与藻细胞的互絮凝,以及球霰石团聚物对藻细胞的卷扫絮凝,同时球霰石还可以作为加重剂促进藻晶产物沉降分离.自来水厂采用CaCO₃原位结晶与PAC联用除藻,可望降低PAC投加量和残余铝风险,并解决CaCO₃原位结晶导致的浊度和pH偏高问题.研究成果为饮用水除藻提供了新思路.     

Comparison of initial hydrolysis of the three dimethyl phthalate esters (DMPEs) by a basidiomycetous yeast,Trichosporon DMI-5-1, from coastal sediment

Purpose  

Dimethyl phthalate esters (DMPEs) are a group of plasticizers commonly detected in the environment with potential adverse human health impact. The degradation of DMPEs by fungal systems has been studied to a limited extent, particularly by yeasts. In this study, a basidiomycetous yeast Trichosporon DMI-5-1 capable of degrading DMPEs was obtained and the degradation pathways were investigated.