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1.
Modeling rhizofiltration: heavy-metal uptake by plant roots 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
P. Verma K. V. George H. V. Singh S. K. Singh A. Juwarkar R. N. Singh 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2006,11(4):387-394
The discovery of phytoaccumulation potential of plant species has led to its application for remediation of heavy-metal-contaminated soil and wastewater, which is termed as phytoextraction/rhizofiltration. For prediction, analysis, planning and cost-effective design of such systems, mathematical models not only are used as a screening tool but also provide optimal parameters like harvesting time, irrigation schedule, etc. Several laboratory and field scale studies have been carried out in the past, and mathematical expressions have been developed by various researchers for different phenomena like metal adsorption in soil, plant root growth with time, moisture and metal uptake by plant root, moisture movement in unsaturated zone, soil moisture relationship, etc. The complete design of any such phytoremediation program would require the knowledge of behavior of heavy-metal movement in soil, water and plant root system. In this paper, a model for simulating heavy-metal dynamics in soil, water and plant root system is developed and discussed. The governing non-linear partial differential equation is solved numerically by implicit finite difference method using Picard's iterative technique, and the formulation has been illustrated using a characteristic example. The source code is written in MATLAB. 相似文献
2.
V. Sivakumar V. Ravi Verma P.G. Rao G. Swaminathan 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2007,15(18):1813-1818
Focus on eco-friendly processing techniques makes vegetable tanning a viable option in leather processing and establishes the subsequent need for the more efficient methods of extraction in tannin manufacture. Application of ultrasound has been tried in the extraction of tannins from myrobalan nuts in order to improve the extraction efficiency, to perform the extraction under milder process conditions and to reduce the process time. The influence of process parameters such as ultrasonic output power, time and temperature has been studied. Scale-up trials and the use of ultrasound in pulse mode have also been attempted. The results show that a three- to fivefold improvement is possible with ultrasonic output from 20 to 100 W. Extraction efficiency has been calculated from the maximum extractable materials from myrobalan nuts. Extraction efficiency is found to be 90% for ultrasound, 100 W without external heating as compared to 77% for control process at 70 °C for 4 h. Therefore, ultrasound could be employed even dispensing with provision for temperature controls. The use of ultrasound in pulse mode offered 70% extraction efficiency of continuous mode. Scale-up trials indicate that there exists an optimum ultrasonic output power depending on the amount of nuts used, to achieve better extraction efficiency. The effectiveness of ultrasonically extracted tannin solution has also been tested in the tanning process for its applicability. The degree of tanning efficacy has been assessed by shrinkage temperature measurement. The results indicate that ultrasonically extracted tannin solution is suitable for tanning process. Therefore, application of ultrasound in tannin extract manufacture is a viable option with added advantages. 相似文献
3.
Verma Sitaram Sinha Alok 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(10):25205-25225
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study was conducted to inspect the spatial distribution, source identification, and risk assessment of groundwater arsenic (As) in different... 相似文献
4.
Satinder K. Brar Mausam Verma R.D. Tyagi R.Y. Surampalli 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2010,30(3):504-520
Nanotechnology has widespread application in agricultural, environmental and industrial sectors ranging from fabrication of molecular assemblies to microbial array chips. Despite the booming application of nanotechnology, there have been serious implications which are coming into light in the recent years within different environmental compartments, namely air, water and soil and its likely impact on the human health. Health and environmental effects of common metals and materials are well-known, however, when the metals and materials take the form of nanoparticles – consequential hazards based on shape and size are yet to be explored. The nanoparticles released from different nanomaterials used in our household and industrial commodities find their way through waste disposal routes into the wastewater treatment facilities and end up in wastewater sludge. Further escape of these nanoparticles into the effluent will contaminate the aquatic and soil environment. Hence, an understanding of the presence, behavior and impact of these nanoparticles in wastewater and wastewater sludge is necessary and timely. Despite the lack of sufficient literature, the present review attempts to link various compartmentalization aspects of the nanoparticles, their physical properties and toxicity in wastewater and wastewater sludge through simile drawn from other environmental streams. 相似文献
5.
Mountain ecosystems are considered vulnerable to early impacts of climate change. Whether and how local residents of these areas perceive these changes, however, remain under-studied questions. By conducting a household survey in the Khumbu region of Nepal, this study assessed local residents’ experience-based perception of changes in climate trends and patterns, perceived risk, and attitudes towards climate issues. Multivariate cluster analysis based on residents’ climate change beliefs revealed three segments: “Cautious,” “Disengaged,” and “Alarmed.” A comparison of these segments along key psychosocial constructs of Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) revealed significant inter-segment differences in residents’ perception of severity, vulnerability, response efficacy, self-efficacy, and response cost associated with engaging in mitigating behavior. Results shed light on how residents of high elevation areas that are considered to be exposed to early impacts of climate change perceive the risk and intend to respond. These findings could also assist stakeholders working in other similar mountain ecosystems in understanding vulnerability and in working towards climate readiness.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s13280-020-01369-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
6.
Kaur Ishnoor Behl Tapan Sehgal Aayush Singh Sukhbir Sharma Neelam Aleya Lotfi Bungau Simona 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(28):37060-37081
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Mitochondria are unique cell organelles, which exhibit multifactorial roles in numerous cell physiological processes, significantly... 相似文献
7.
Makwana Dhruv Bellani Jayesh Verma Harsh Kumar Khatri Dhrumil Shah Manan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(28):37110-37119
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nanotechnology has opened up a plethora of opportunities and has acquired extreme importance in a myriad of fields to produce enhanced materials.... 相似文献
8.
Sharma Neelam Zahoor Ishrat Sachdeva Monika Subramaniyan Vetriselvan Fuloria Shivkanya Fuloria Neeraj Kumar Naved Tanveer Bhatia Saurabh Al-Harrasi Ahmed Aleya Lotfi Bungau Simona Behl Tapan Singh Sukhbir 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(43):60459-60476
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Meningitis is an inflammation of the protective membranes called meninges and fluid adjacent the brain and spinal cord. The inflammatory progression... 相似文献
9.
Arora Arpita Behl Tapan Sehgal Aayush Singh Sukhbir Sharma Neelam Mathew Bijo Bungau Simona 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(31):41517-41532
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The mitochondria, apart from being known as the cell’s “powerhouse,” are crucial in the viability of nerve cells. Any damage to... 相似文献
10.
Behl Tapan Sehgal Aayush Grover Madhuri Singh Sukhbir Sharma Neelam Bhatia Saurabh Al-Harrasi Ahmed Aleya Lotfi Bungau Simona 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(31):41533-41551
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The metabolic disorders are the edge points for the initiation of various diseases. These disorders comprised of several diseases including diabetes,... 相似文献