乌鲁木齐铁路地区锅炉除尘现状分析

通过对１９９５￣１９９７年采暖期乌鲁木齐铁路地区７０台锅炉的烟尘监测,对铁路地区的锅炉除尘现状有了一定的了解,并对该区现有锅炉和除尘器的运行状况进行了分析。     

Toxicity assessment of wood preservatives

The article describes the influence of wood preservatives on water bioceonosis. The “battery” of toxicology tests was used to cover luminescent bacteria test, algae growth inhibition test, crustacean and fish lethal tests. The test samples used were pure wood preservative and water after the wood preservative leaching from wood sample. It was observed that the wood preservative is leaching from the wood sample in 10% within 1 month of exposition. Achieved results indicate the necessity of toxic assessment of wood preservative after wood element protection.     

Computer simulation of the coagulation of suspended solids — The applicability of the Müller–Smoluchowski theory

The results of studies carried out using a computer programme simulating the coagulation of suspensions containing spherical sol particles and spherical coagulant particles are reported.The influence of the degree of dispersion of the system on the coagulation reaction kinetics was investigated. The obtained results of kinetic studies were tested in the light of classical Müller–Smoluchowski equations. The influence of the physical properties of the coagulant,such as size, density and mass, on the coagulation rate was tested. It was found that within the range described in this paper, the rate of the simulated coagulation process fulfils both the kinetic equation of a first-order reaction, and the kinetic equation of a second-order reaction.Within the tested range, a significant influence of the mass and size of the coagulant on the coagulation rate was ascertained. The kinetic Müller–Smoluchowski dependence is fulfilled in a broader range of the degree of dispersion, when the coagulant particle mass and the sol particle mass are equal. When the particle mass increases with an increase in the particle radius, the coagulation rate increases faster that it would result from the Müller's dependence.     

Pb在豌豆幼苗细胞中的超微结构分布与毒性研究

伴随日趋严重的重金属环境污染问题,植物修复的可能机制及重金属胁迫下植物的损伤与抗性机理成为研究热点.采用透射电子显微镜和X-射线微区分析技术,研究了中度(50mg/L)和严重(200mg/L)Pb2 胁迫下豌豆幼苗根叶细胞的超微结构损伤和铅在植物器官和细胞器水平的区域化分布情况.结果显示,重金属对植物的毒害表现为对细胞的膜结构和各种细胞器的整体性伤害,且各细胞器的受损程度不同;豌豆对铅的相对耐性机理可能包括重金属胁迫下不同细胞器的差异反应、根系富集、细胞壁结合和液泡的区隔化作用等.图6参24     

Rehabilitation of El Yahoudia dumping site, Tunisia

As in all developing countries, cities in Tunisia face serious problems of environmental pollution caused mainly by the inadequate and inefficient final disposal of their generated solid wastes. The Tunisian government launched a development program including the construction of landfills in the main cities and the closure of the contaminated sites issued from solid wastes landrising practice. The project of the Henchir El Yahoudia landfill restoration is the first experience in this programme. It has been suggested to convert the site to a green park and to implement an ornamental plant nursery. The whole surface of the landfill is approximately 100 ha from which 30 ha have been already transformed to an urban recreational area and the remaining 70 ha have to be characterized for the project extension. A field investigation by boring was conducted in order to define the geological and the hydrogeological conditions, the vertical and horizontal wastes layer extension, content and degree of decomposition and the composition and quantities of leachate and landfill gas. Representative samples of waste, soil, groundwater and leachate were collected for laboratory analyses. Several of these borings were converted to piezometers to define the flow regime in the site. The results showed that the biogas (CH4, H2S, and CO2), leachate and waste, distribution in the site is mainly affected by the temporal variation of the site operating method. The underlying fissured clay layer facilitated leachate infiltration into the groundwater where high BOD, COD and nitrogen concentrations were registered.