利用激光诱导荧光技术测量大气氢氧自由基的研究进展

激光诱导荧光技术是目前测量大气ＯＨ自由基中使用最多的方法，本文总结了２０多年的研究成果，论述了激光诱导荧光技术用于测定大气ＯＨ自由基的研究进展，讨论了测量中的不确定因素及其对策，并着重介绍了目前最常用的基于气体扩张的低压荧光（ＦＡＧＥ）技术。     

甲烷高温自燃诱导过程实验与数值模拟研究

甲烷的转化在化工产业中具有举足轻重的地位与战略意义,近年来涌现的氧化偶联制烯烃等多种新型化工工艺涉及高温条件的甲烷-纯氧等体系的混合与反应过程,明确甲烷高温自燃诱导与爆炸规律是实现工艺安全设计与运行的前提,然而相关研究与基础数据仍较为欠缺。通过利用基于快速压缩装置的高温高压燃爆测试系统开展甲烷-纯氧等典型混合体系的自燃诱导过程研究,同时基于GRI-Mech 3.0机理的数值模拟方法进行了数值模拟研究。实验结果与数值模拟结果吻合较好,随着温度/压力的增加及氧气含量的下降,混合体系自燃诱导时间均缩短;燃料气中加入乙烷或氢气则会大幅缩短自燃诱导过程。对于多个工艺过程中涉及的低氧含量体系率先开展了研究,得到了不同当量比及温度条件下的典型体系自燃诱导时间,同时考察了惰性气的加入对于自燃诱导过程的延长作用。研究结果有助于深入理解甲烷自燃诱导机理,同时指导高温条件的甲烷转化工艺的本质安全化设计与爆炸防控。     

城市路网路线诱导系统交通流优化策略

1 路线诱导系统(RouteGuidancesystem) 目前的城市交通拥挤的现状,在很大程度上是因为由于缺乏有关信息和良好引导,驾驶员不能合理选择路线,从而造成交通量在道路网上分布不均衡造成的。路线诱导系统(RouteGuidanceSystem)通过推荐行驶路线来帮助驾驶员选择路线,可以充分利用现存的道路网络,及时有效地缓解交通拥挤。早在1967年,美国运输部公共道路局就开始研制开发电     

福州25条道路单向通行

福州市从8月8日起对低速载货汽车和拖拉机通行管理作出新规定：鼓楼区、台江区、仓山区的二环路以内，晋安区的福马铁路线以西、外福铁路线以南的范围内（以上均舍本道路）所有道路．金山大道、洪塘路、洪湾路、闽江大道、浦上大道在7：00—22：00禁止拖拉机、三轮汽车（原称“三轮农用运输车”、“柴三机”）、低速载货汽车（原称“四轮农用运输车”）通行.[编者按]     

"违反治安管理"之排除工伤事由如何确定

无奈的选择2004年4月25日凌晨,某公司职工周某无证驾驶一辆两轮摩托车去单位上夜班。途中,与一辆正常行驶货车相撞,当场死亡。当地交管部门在交通事故责任认定书中认定,周某违反交通管理法规,无驾驶证驾驶机动车,负事故的主要责任。其后,周某单位在其家属的要求下,向劳动保障行     

可变情报板对交通安全的影响分析

目前,可变情报板作为最基础、最常用的诱导信息发布平台被大量安装在道路两侧。一方面,它在一定程度上分散了车辆的聚集,减少了车辆的巡游;而另一方面,由于对可变情报板的设置、显示等方面的研究不足,它对交通安全带来了一定的影响,或者诱导效果并不理想。笔者主要围绕北京市西直门桥周边的可变情报板进行调研,从多个方面分析了可变情报板对交通安全的影响,列出了主要的影响因素,如刷新频率、视认性等,并给出了一定的量化指标。     

网络版论文摘要

正人溶菌酶诱导表达及其在石化污泥脱水中的应用张满效1,2谢小冬3张威2陈拓2刘光琇2(1.兰州石化职业技术学院,甘肃兰州730060;2.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000;3.兰州大学基础医学院,甘肃兰州730000)利用异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG),通过对阳性转化的工程菌XD3-hLyz诱导表达培养,发现当诱导时间为2h、温度为25℃时,能较大量诱导出具有生物活性的人溶菌酶,其理论质量浓度为0.228 1 mg/mL,平均活性为2 448     

Interspecific competition effects on phosphorus accumulation by Hydrilla verticillata and Vallisneria natans

The competition between submersed plants has been recognized as an important factor influencing the structure of plant communities in shallow lakes. The ability of different species to take up and store nutrients from the surrounding ambience varies, and hence plant community structure might be expected to affect the cycling of nutrients in lake ecosystems. In this study, the uptake of phosphorus by Hydrilla verticillata and Vallisneria natans was studied and compared in monoculture and competitive mixed-culture plantings. Results showed that for both studied species the phosphorus concentrations of different tissues and of whole plants was unaffected by competition. However, the quantity of phosphorus accumulated by whole plants of H. verticillata was significantly higher in mixture culture than in monoculture, while that of V. natans was lower in the mixed culture. The results indicated that H. verticillata has a competitive advantage over V. natans, when the two species are grown in competition, and is able to accumulate a greater quantity of phosphorus.     

Efficacy of natural biocide on control of microbial induced corrosion in oil pipelines mediated by Desulfovibrio vulgaris and Desulfovibrio gigas

We compared the efficacy of a natural biocide with four chemical tetrakishydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfonate, benzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, and formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, to control microbial induced corrosion in oil pipelines. The efficacy of biocides were monitored against Desulfovibrio vulgaris and Desulfovibrio gigas in experimental pipes by measuring cell counts, H2S production, Fe(II) production, production of extracellular polymeric substances and structure of biofilm. The treatment with cow urine had minimum planktonic cell counts of 3 102 CFU/mL as well as biofilm cell counts of 9 101 CFU/mL as compared with tetrakishydroxyl methyl phosphonium sulfonate, benzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde. Sulfide production was the lowest with cow urine (0.08 mmol/L), followed by tetrakishydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfonate 0.72 mmol/L. On day 90 of treatment, Fe(II) production was also found to be the lowest with cow urine. The scanning electron microscopic studies indicated that the biofilm bacteria were killed by cow urine. These results demonstrate the cow urine mediated control of microbially induced corrosion, and this is indicative of its potential as a viable substitute of toxic biocides. To the best of our knowledge, this seems to be the first report which screens possible biocidal activity by cow urine as compared to the most common biocides which oil industry is currently using.     

诱导结晶磷回收技术处理低浓度含磷废水研究

诱导结晶技术是近年发展的新型废水处理技术。采用自设计的诱导结晶反应器,反应器形式与Phosnix相似,但结构相对简单,无Phosnix反应器的内外同心筒结构,并增加了过渡区。研究了HRT、[PO43-]、[Ca2+]/[PO43-]对诱导结晶处理低浓度含磷废水的影响规律,并以实验室双泥系统厌氧上清液为原水,考察了结晶反应器长期运行效果。研究表明,在一定范围增加HRT、[PO43-]或[Ca2+]/[PO43-]均可提高磷酸盐去除率,但超过一定数值后,再继续增加对提高磷酸盐去除效果的贡献很小,[PO43-]或[Ca2+]/[PO43-]过高还会导致均相结晶出现,使磷酸盐去除率下降;研究给出了一定条件下的最佳HRT、[PO43-]或[Ca2+]/[PO43-];运行效果试验表明,诱导结晶反应器在进水平均磷酸盐浓度仅为23.6 mg/L的情况下,磷酸盐的平均去除率仍可达到55.2%,该技术在处理低浓度含磷水方面较具应用前景。