Efficacy of natural biocide on control of microbial induced corrosion in oil pipelines mediated by Desulfovibrio vulgaris and Desulfovibrio gigas

We compared the efficacy of a natural biocide with four chemical tetrakishydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfonate, benzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, and formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, to control microbial induced corrosion in oil pipelines. The efficacy of biocides were monitored against Desulfovibrio vulgaris and Desulfovibrio gigas in experimental pipes by measuring cell counts, H2S production, Fe(II) production, production of extracellular polymeric substances and structure of biofilm. The treatment with cow urine had minimum planktonic cell counts of 3 102 CFU/mL as well as biofilm cell counts of 9 101 CFU/mL as compared with tetrakishydroxyl methyl phosphonium sulfonate, benzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde. Sulfide production was the lowest with cow urine (0.08 mmol/L), followed by tetrakishydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfonate 0.72 mmol/L. On day 90 of treatment, Fe(II) production was also found to be the lowest with cow urine. The scanning electron microscopic studies indicated that the biofilm bacteria were killed by cow urine. These results demonstrate the cow urine mediated control of microbially induced corrosion, and this is indicative of its potential as a viable substitute of toxic biocides. To the best of our knowledge, this seems to be the first report which screens possible biocidal activity by cow urine as compared to the most common biocides which oil industry is currently using.     

Efficacy of two chemical coagulants and three different filtration media on removal of Aspergillus flavus from surface water

Aquatic fungi are common in various aqueous environments and play potentially crucial roles in nutrient and carbon cycling as well as interacting with other organisms. Species of Aspergillus are the most common fungi that occur in water. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the efficacy of two coagulants, aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride, used at different concentrations to treat drinking water, in removing Aspergillusflavus, as well as testing three different filtration media： sand, activated carbon, and ceramic granules, for their removal of fungi from water. The results revealed that both coagulants were effective in removing fungi and decreasing the turbidity of drinking water, and turbidity decreased with increasing coagulant concentration. Also, at the highest concentration of the coagulants, A. flavus was decreased by 99.6% in the treated water. Among ceramic granules, activated carbon, and sand used as media for water filtration, the sand and activated carbon filters were more effective in removing A.flavus than ceramic granules while simultaneously decreasing the turbidity levels in the test water samples. Post-treatment total organic carbon （TOC） and total nitrogen （TN） concentrations in the experimental water did not decrease; on the contrary, TN concentrations increased with the increasing dosage of coagulants. The filtration process had no effect in reducing TOC and TN in tested water.     

东北野人参鼎盛千年之后走向濒危 悲怆“百草王 ”独吟“长恨歌”

<正>现今,野生人参的价格与黄金一样昂贵,在利益的驱使下,人们毫无顾忌地采挖这种已经成为国家一级保护物种的珍稀植物。长白山莽莽苍苍的林海充满了无限生机,然而这种生机对于野生人参十     

推荐吃胡萝卜的理由

冬天是吃胡萝卜最多的季节,胡萝卜能够增强体力和免疫力,激活内脏功能和血液运行,从而达到调理内脏、暖身、滋养的功效。那么胡萝卜是不是萝卜？胡萝卜不是萝卜,它起源于西亚,在隋唐前后引进中国。胡萝卜有“大众人参”和“小人参”的盛誉,其胡萝卜素含量居果蔬类食物之首。人们通过实胃、补肝明目、清热解毒、降气止咳等功效。它还富含维生素,并有轻微而持续发汗的作用,     

香气销魂

"香气使人迷醉,在香气中,躯体也被气态化了,犹如灵魂,成为香气的一种分子。气是精神与灵魂,香气则是灵魂的销魂。"——耿占春《观察者的幻象》     

浅谈隐患报告制度的事故防范功效

事故防范分为“主动预防”和“被动预防”两种。现代生产企业事故与伤害频率的降低主要依靠事前的主动预防措施,而隐患报告正是一项典型的事前主动预防工作。它依靠发动全员观察安全现状以便于及时发现存在的隐患并由领导层的安全督查及安全管理部门的隐患记录、对策与追踪改进措施来防止事故隐患质变为生产安全事故。     

臭氧空洞与夏季防晒

防晒仅仅是让皮肤保持白皙那么简单么？日益扩大的臭氧空洞又是怎么一回事？防晒有哪些误区？请跟随本刊共同了解，希望我们的茶座能给您的夏日带来一丝清凉。     

基于FAHP的功效系数法的岩质边坡稳定性分级

针对岩质边坡稳定性评价的模糊性与多指标性特点,采用模糊层次分析法确定Ⅰ、Ⅱ级指标权重,提高了0.1~0.9标度法所确定权重的客观性并克服了单一性,且避免了同一对指标比较时的不一致性,量化了不连续性基础指标。引入功效系数法对不同类型的基础指标进行功效系数值归一化求解,结合功效系数值与Ⅰ、Ⅱ级指标权重向量计算得出总功效系数值,据总功效系数值大小划分稳定性级别。在模糊层次分析法基础上,运用功效系数法对永吉岩质边坡进行稳定性评价、分级的结果与实际调查情况相符。证明该方法对岩质边坡稳定性分级具有很好的适用性与可靠性。     

夏日,你的爱车如何防晒

正近日,有媒体爆出"车内烧烤"这一劲爆话题,一时间一组将生食材放进车内挡风玻璃前,利用太阳直射将其烤熟的图片在网上疯传。38、9度的气温,接近50度的地面温度,感觉走在路上都会化掉。这时候你的爱车是什么样的惨状呢?美国曾有研究人员做过这方面     

新的澳大利亚／新西兰防晒霜标准发布实施

最近,的澳大利亚／新西兰标准：AS／NZS2604：2012《防晒霜产品一评价和分级》发布实施,新标准建议防晒因子（SPF）为50＋。该新标准的发布将有助于防止皮肤痛和黑素瘤的产生。