Driving performance while using cell phones: an observational study

INTRODUCTION: Through spontaneous driving observations, this study sought to examine the impact of using a hands-free cell phone while driving on speed and safe gap keeping behaviors. The study also examined the association between the measure of disturbance created by using a cell phone and the driver's awareness of the disturbance. METHOD: Twenty-three male adults were observed while driving for an hour and a half each; drivers were unaware of being observed. During the session, each of the participants received a phone call, initiated by an associate of the observer. The experiment was divided into two periods during which the experimental parameters were monitored: 10 minutes during conversation on a cell phone and 10 minutes of non-conversation on a hands-free cell phone. After the experiment, the driver was questioned concerning the extent to which his/her driving was disturbed by the cell phone conversation. RESULTS: T-test for matched samples revealed that the gaps between the drivers' cars and those in front of them diminished when drivers were engaged in the cell phone conversations. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed that drivers that had short conversations did not change their speed, while drivers who were engaged in long (over 16 minutes) conversations drove faster. No effect of drivers' awareness toward cell phone-related disturbance on actual driving behavior monitored in the present study was found.     

宿迁市公众环境意识调查研究

采用问卷调查与社会访问相结合的方法,对江苏省宿迁市居民的环境意识进行了调查。统计结果表明宿迁市居民对当地环境处于基本满意阶段,并认为政府对环境保护工作比较重视;宿迁市公众具备了一定的环境保护基础知识．但是环境意识比较低,环境保护行为相对滞后,需要政府加以引导,加强环境宣传教育,提高民众的环境意识。     

The Al Gore effect: An Inconvenient Truth and voluntary carbon offsets

This paper examines the relationship between climate change awareness and household behavior by testing whether Al Gore's documentary An Inconvenient Truth caused an increase in the purchase of voluntary carbon offsets. I find that in the two months following the film's release, zip codes within a 10-mile radius of a zip code where the film was shown experienced a 50 percent relative increase in the purchase of voluntary carbon offsets. During other times, offset purchasing patterns for zip codes inside the 10-mile radius were similar to the patterns of zip codes outside the 10-mile radius. There is, however, little evidence that individuals who purchased an offset due to the film purchased them again a year later.     

Achieving a real-time online monitoring system for conservation culturomics

Environmental monitoring is increasingly shifting toward a set of systems that describe changes in real time. In ecology specifically, a series of challenges have prevented the rollout of real-time monitoring for features such as biodiversity change or ecosystem service provision. Conservation culturomics, a field concerned with interactions between people and nature, is well placed to demonstrate how monitoring might move toward a network of real-time platforms, given its existence exclusively in the digital realm. We examined a set of considerations associated with the development of real-time monitoring platforms for conservation culturomics and introduce a near real-time platform for the Species Awareness Index, a global index of changing biodiversity awareness derived from the rate of change in page views for species on Wikipedia. This platform will update automatically each month, operating in near real time ( https://joemillard.shinyapps.io/Real_time_SAI/ ). There are plans to make the underlying data queryable via an application programing interface independent of the platform. The real-time Species Awareness Index will represent the first real-time and entirely automated conservation culturomic platform and one of the first real-time platforms in the discipline of ecology. Real-time monitoring for culturomics can provide insight into human–nature interactions as they play out in the physical realm and provide a framework for the development of real-time monitoring in ecology. Real-time monitoring metrics can be processed on private virtual machines and hosted on publicly available cloud services. Conservation now needs an online, real-time observatory that can evolve with the structure of the web.     

新疆师范大学大学生环境意识调查与初步研究

大学生的绿色意识如何,所了解的绿色知识有多少,有无绿色思维和行为,对实施可持续发展有什么见解,对绿色技术与知识的渴求程度如何,这些问题均对绿色教育、绿色课程的设置及效果有很大的影响。本文针对这些问题,根据在校大学生的特点,设计内容通过问卷调查,进行摸底和分析,以便在西部地区使绿色教育做到有的放矢,取得实效。     

限塑令实施前后居民环境意识水平变化的比较研究

我国限塑令实施后,塑料袋使用量下降明显,效果显著,但其对公众环境意识的影响缺乏研究。本文以南京市大型超市为例,通过调查问卷、访谈等方法进行数据采集,建立公众环境意识多级模糊评价指标体系,并运用赋值分析法,研究限塑令实施前后南京市居民相关环境意识的变化,以评价限塑令对公众环境意识的影响和作用。研究结果表明:限塑令的实施带来较为有效的环境知识普及作用(公众环境知识评价提高18%)、快速明显的环境行为矫正作用(公众环境行为评价提高32%)以及相对滞后的环境态度带动作用(公众环境态度评价提高6%)。     

生态文化--生态城市建设的软件

阐述了生态文化的内涵以及其在生态城市建设中的软件作用。城市的生态文化建设应该从物态、行为、体制、心智四个层面进行,并且互相促进,形成一个循环的整体;城市生态文化建设的核心是利用教育和宣传积极培育生态意识,同时加强生态体制这一保障体系的建设。     

不同职业群体环保意识和环保行为特征分析——以沈阳市居民为例

采用问卷调查和数理统计方法,研究了不同职业群体沈阳市居民的环保意识和环保行为特征。结果表明,不同职业群体的沈阳市居民对环保知识、环保意识和环保行为方面普遍存在显著的差异,但在某些环保意识和环保行为方面不存在差异性。环保知识与环保意识之间具有非常显著的相关性,它们之间的偏相关系数较高;环保知识、环保意识与环保行为存在正相关性,也具有显著的相关性。