Ground influence on high-pressure methane jets: Practical tools for risk assessment

High-pressure gaseous methane release is a relevant safety-related problem mainly in the Oil and Gas industry. As well documented, the reason for these safety concerns is connected with the severe consequences of the domino effect subsequent to the possible ignition. In risk assessment activities, estimation of the damage area is of primary importance in order to draw up proper safety guidelines. To do this, loss prevention specialists use quick and well-established numerical tools (i.e., integral models) in their daily activities. However, the presence of an obstacle in the flow field of the jet (e.g., the ground) is a more probable situation to deal with. It is known that integral models fail in this kind of scenario, leading to unreliable predictions. Hence, the present work investigates how an industrial ground surface influences the LFL cloud size of a horizontal high-pressure methane jet. An innovative quick procedure is proposed allowing to determine the height below which the ground begins to influence the LFL cloud size and the extent of such influence. Therefore, this procedure allows practitioners to establish when integral models can be used and when not to use them, and also provides a simple and reliable alternative to their use. These analytical instruments are derived from an extensive computational fluid dynamics analysis performed with Ansys Fluent 19.0.     

碎石桩处理可液化地基加密效用的理论分析

以弹塑性理论为基础,将沉管碎石桩的成桩过程视为半无限土体中的圆孔扩张问题,推导了碎石桩处理可液化地基的有效影响范围。考虑超孔隙水压力消散的影响,结合超孔隙水压力计算公式,对碎石桩的加密效用进行了理论分析,并给出了碎石桩加密效用的理论计算公式。最后,结合工程实例,验证了所给公式的正确性。碎石桩处理可液化地基加密效用的理论,为工程设计中碎石桩间距离的确定,提供了理论依据;该理论计算的结果,对碎石桩复合地基加固效果的判断、碎石桩地基处理应用范围的确定等有重要参考价值。     

变光焊接护目镜光电响应特性研究

为促进变光焊接护目镜新技术新产品的应用和发展 ,为制定该产品专业标准提供依据 ,通过对焊接弧光特性、可见光特性、焊工盲目引弧过程、焊工闪光盲、变光护目镜响应时间和保持时间等的分析和研究 ,提出了变光焊接护目镜响应时间和保持时间应该根据焊工引弧时眼睛最大允许照射量和允许闪光盲时间来确定 ,并进一步提出了变光焊接护目镜响应时间和保持时间的定义、指标值 ,以及测试系统设计要求