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Evaluation of a classification method for biodegradable solid wastes using anaerobic degradation parameters 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Wei Zheng Khamphe Phoungthong Fan Lü Li-Ming Shao Pin-Jing He 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2013,33(12):2632-2640
We studied the biochemical and anaerobic degradation characteristics of 29 types of materials to evaluate the effects of a physical composition classification method for degradable solid waste on the computation of anaerobic degradation parameters, including the methane yield potential (L0), anaerobic decay rate (k), and carbon sequestration factor (CSF). Biochemical methane potential tests were conducted to determine the anaerobic degradation parameters of each material. The results indicated that the anaerobic degradation parameters of nut waste were quite different from those of other food waste and nut waste was classified separately. Paper was subdivided into two categories according to its lignin content: degradable paper with lignin content of <0.05 g g VS?1, and refractory paper with lignin content >0.15 g g VS?1. The L0, k, and CSF parameters of leaves, a type of garden waste, were similar to those of grass. This classification method for degradable solid waste may provide a theoretical basis that facilitates the more accurate calculation of anaerobic degradation parameters. 相似文献
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Kurt B. Carlsson 《Chemosphere》1989,18(9-10):1731-1736
The graph below shows the emitted dioxin - equivalents (Eadon) in grams per year in flue gas from municipal solid waste incinerators with various air pollution control methods for plants of capacity of 200 000 ton municipal solid waste (MSW) per year.
Full-size image (15K)
With optimized combustion and an effective air pollution control system the emissions of dioxins can be kept very low (concentrations below 0.1 ng/m3n).
With a very effective air pollution control system the total emission from all Swedish MSW-incinerators burning approximately 1.5 Mton/year will by 1990 be below 2 g/year - a drastic reduction from approximately 15 g today. As the total dioxin - equivalent emission to the environment in Sweden in the year 1987 was almost 500 g we see that municipal waste incineration really is on the way to solve their dioxin problem. 相似文献
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Kazunori Fujita Gouki Sasaki Kazuki Kobayashi 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》1999,1(1):48-52
We have investigated a fabric-filter-supported catalyst for removing harmful solid and gaseous compounds simultaneously from
municipal incinerator exhaust gas. We studied the ways in which the efficiency of NO
x
removal is influenced by filter temperature, gas flow rate, and catalyst content. The reduction of the catalyst content by
mechanical reverse washing was investigated, and the state of the catalyst supported in the fabric filter was also observed
using a scanning electron microscope. The catalyst supported by the fabric filter showed a removal efficiency above 75% when
the filter temperature was 200°C, the gas flow rate was 1 m/min, and the catalyst content of the fabric filter was above 300 g/m2. The catalyst was supported uniformly on the fibers of the fabric filter, and fine catalyst particles remained on the fibers
after mechanical reverse washing.
Received: October 15, 1997 / Accepted: March 19, 1999 相似文献
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防X射线纤维及织物的研制与性能研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过将重金属化合物微粉与聚合物熔融共混后纺丝的方法, 可研制出具有X射线屏蔽性能的防X射线纤维,并可进一步加工成织物。本文研究了防X射线纤维和织物的制造方法和性能特点,结果表明,这种织物具有良好的对低能X 射线的防护功能,有广阔的应用前景 相似文献
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To establish a concise and rapid procedure to analyze hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) diastereomers in flame-retarded textiles, three different methods of extraction—Soxhlet, ultrasonic, and soaking extractions with toluene and dichloromethane (DCM)—were compared. During Soxhlet extraction using toluene, the percent contribution of α-HBCD to total HBCDs increased slightly and that of γ-HBCD decreased, indicating that γ-HBCD was isomerized to some extent at the boiling point of toluene (110.6 °C). For ultrasonic extraction, the temperature of the water bath can easily increase over time during the procedure, which might lead to undesirable effects. Therefore, we considered soaking extraction with DCM to be the most facile procedure to analyze HBCD diastereomers in textiles. Using the method established in this study, commercially available textiles in Japan (n = 10) were analyzed to understand the actual composition of HBCD contents and its diastereomer profiles. With the exception of one textile sample, HBCDs were detected in all the samples analyzed, with concentrations ranging from 22 000 to 43 000 mg kg−1 (i.e. 2.2–4.3%). We found a higher proportion of the α-diastereomer in most textile products compared with that of commercial HBCD mixtures, indicating that γ-HBCD isomerized to α-diastereomer by heating processes to incorporate the commercial formulation into treated materials or that the α-diastereomer preferentially absorbed onto textile materials during the manufacturing of flame-retarded consumer products. 相似文献
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