不同填料人工湿地处理系统的净化能力研究

研究了沸石、沸石－石灰石、石灰石3种填料的人工湿导的净化能力。结果表明：（1）沸石和石灰石混合使用，不会降低沸石吸附氨氮的能力；（2）沸石可促使难溶性P的释放，使得石灰石吸附P被植物和微生物吸收利用；（3）沸石和石灰石发生了协同作用，对TN、TP的去除效果均好于其单独使用。     

锅炉烟气脱硫技术发展综述

在调查研究的基础上，论述国内外烟道气脱硫技术的发展与前景，提出开发生产适合我国国情的烟气脱硫技术势在必行。还简要介绍了最为普遍的石灰／石灰石法脱硫基本原理。     

喷雾干燥脱硫法中石灰浆液特性的影响

以模拟实验研究了喷雾干燥脱硫法中吸收剂有效钙含量、粒度、浆液固含量及添加剂等石灰浆液参数对脱硫过程的影响，并作了分析。     

石灰凝胶阻化剂防灭火技术在高硫矿的应用研究

在分析现有凝胶阻化剂防灭火机理的基础上 ,笔者针对我国高硫煤矿采空区发火特点 ,研制出石灰凝胶阻化剂的配方 ,并对其防灭火机理进行了详细探讨 ,确定了喷洒该种阻化剂的工艺过程及其应注意的问题。根据现场试验的测定数据表明 ,石灰凝胶阻化剂对高硫煤矿的防灭火效果好     

不同钝化剂对土壤有效态铅和镉含量的影响

通过向土壤中添加蚕沙、熟石灰和磷酸二氢钾,研究不同钝化处理对土壤有效态重金属含量、pH值及有机质含量的影响.结果表明:添加蚕沙和熟石灰都能使土壤中高植物有效挂的有效态Pb和有效态Cd大幅下降;其中以单施蚕沙处理效果最优,其对Pb和Cd的钝化效率分别达到36.5％和39.2％,而蚕沙+熟石灰处理钝化效果次之,分别为24.3％和26.9％.磷酸二氢钾的钝化作用不明显.添加熟石灰对土壤pH值影响最大,而蚕沙大幅增加了土壤中有机质含量.经统计分析,土壤pH值、有机质含量都与土壤有效态Pb、Cd含量之间呈负相关,说明通过提高土壤pH值及有机质含量,降低土壤重金属活性是土壤重金属钝化的主要机理.     

CO2对砷酸钙稳定性影响的热力学分析

通过沉淀和溶解两方面的实验数据,应用PHREEQC程序模拟了砷酸钙在不同CO2分压条件下溶解度的变化情况,发现环境中的CO2可使砷酸钙盐在酸度较高(pH大于8.3)的条件下发生不一致溶解,使其溶解度升高;CO2分压越大,砷酸钙盐发生不一致溶解的酸度越低;CO2主要影响3∶2和5∶3的砷酸钙盐,而对4∶2砷酸钙盐的影响较小。这对不同类型砷酸钙盐废物的处置是否应考虑CO2的因素提供了依据。     

The use of a sequential leaching procedure for assessing the heavy metal leachability in lime waste from the lime kiln at a caustizicing process of a pulp mill

A five-stage sequential leaching procedure was used to fractionate 13 heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Cr, Zn, Fe, Mn, Al, Ni, Co, As, V, Ba) and sulphur (S) in lime waste from the lime kiln at the causticizing plant of Stora Enso Oyj Veitsiluoto Pulp Mills at Kemi, Northern Finland, into the following fractions: (1) water-soluble fraction (H₂O), (2) exchangeable fraction (CH₃COOH), (3) easily reduced fraction (HONH₃Cl), (4) oxidizable fraction (H₂O₂ + CH₃COONH₄), and (5) residual fraction (HF + HNO₃ + HCl). Although metals were leachable in all fractions, the highest concentrations for most of the metals were observed in the residual fraction (stage 5). It was also notable that the total heavy metal concentrations in lime waste did not exceed the maximal allowable heavy metal concentrations for soil conditioner agents set by the ministry of the Agricultural and Forestry in Finland. The heavy metals concentrations in lime waste were also lower than the maximal allowable heavy metals concentrations of the European Union Directive 86/278/EEC on the protection of environment, and in particular of the soil, when sewage sludge is used in agriculture. The Ca concentration (420 g kg⁻¹; d.w.) was about 262 times higher than the typical value of 1.6 g kg⁻¹ (d.w.) in arable land in Central Finland. However, the concentration Mg (0.2 g kg⁻¹; d.w.) in lime waste was equal to the Mg concentration in arable land in the Central Finland. The lime waste has strongly alkaline pH (12.8) and a neutralizing value (i.e. liming effect) of 47.9% expressed as Ca equivalents (d.w.). This indicates lime waste to be a potential soil conditioner and improvement as well as a pH buffer.     

Performance of lime-BHA solidified plating sludge in the presence of Na2SiO3 and Na2CO3

This research investigated the performance of lime-BHA (black rice husk ash) solidified plating sludge with 2 wt% NaO from Na(2)SiO(3) and Na(2)CO(3) at the level of 0, 30 and 50 wt%. The sludge was evaluated for strength development, leachability, solution chemistry and microstructure. The lime-BHA solidified plating sludge with Na(2)SiO(3) and Na(2)CO(3) had higher early strength when compared to the control. The addition of Na(2)SiO(3) and Na(2)CO(3) increased the OH(-) concentration and decreased the Ca(2+) and heavy metal ions in solution after the first minute. The XRD patterns showed that the addition of Na(2)SiO(3) resulted in the formation of calcium silicate hydrates, while the addition of Na(2)CO(3) resulted in CaCO(3). The heavy metals from the plating sludge, especially Zn, were immobilized in calcium zincate and calcium zinc silicate forms for the lime-BHA with and without Na(2)SiO(3) solidified wastes, while samples with Na(2)CO(3) contained Zn that was fixed in the form of CaZnCO(3). The cumulative leaching of Fe, Cr and Zn from the lime-BHA solidified plating sludge decreased significantly when activators were added, especially Na(2)CO(3).     

Effect of steam hydration on performance of lime sorbent for CO2 capture

Lime is considered a feasible sorbent for the capture of CO₂ from large stationary sources. The positive attributes of a natural source material, low cost and lack of harmful by-products are offset by rapid deterioration in performance and high regeneration temperature. Performance can be improved by hydrating the lime using steam. We investigate a steam hydration process wherein lime is hydrated for 5 min at 300 °C and atmospheric pressure in a mixture of steam and CO₂. The experiments consisted of 10 capture cycles with 60% of the lime active at the end. Extrapolation using a decay model suggests a residual carbonation level of 48%, significantly higher than the 8% achieved by dry lime cycles. The cost of replacement sorbent under these conditions is less than $1/t of CO₂ captured. The hydrated lime process also reduces the thermal load, for heating and cooling, by half as well as the inventory, and therefore solids handling, by a factor 5 over dry lime. The introduction of the hydration reaction provides another exothermic reaction for heat management.     

pH,有机质和石灰反应对土壤背景值的影响

从上海全市214个土壤剖面样品的13个元素的背景含量,探讨了pH、有机质和石灰反应对其之影响,并对几个主要土类、亚类和土属进行了详细阐述。调查表明,上海表层土壤中,pH和有机质都与Mn、Hg、Se呈中度相关:水稻土、潮土和盐土等3个主要土类之间的pH值、有机质含量都有极显著差异,一些相应元素也有显著差异:随石灰反应的强烈,含Cu量增加,而Zn、Cr、F、Se的含量减少。