亚氯酸钠/纯碱溶液处理硝基甲烷工艺废气的脱硝研究

针对硝基甲烷工艺尾气中的高浓度氮氧化物的去除问题,在自行设计的四级填料喷淋吸收塔中进行湿法脱硝研究,实验条件下总脱硝效率能达到85%。实验先采取亚氯酸钠溶液对尾气进行氧化处理,后使用纯碱溶液对尾气进行吸收处理,并对气速、液气比、温度、溶液pH值等工况参数进行了研究,确定了最佳实验条件。     

Investigation of an accidental explosion in a nitromethane rectification process

An explosion that occurred during a nitromethane rectification process is investigated. Experiments were performed in an effort to elucidate the cause of the explosion. All test samples analyzed, including reaction product, crude product, 99% pure product and raffinate, were collected from the accident site. Gas chromatography was used to analyze the components of the samples, thermal analysis determined the exothermic character of the samples and the sample evaporating experiment recorded the reaction phenomena occurring at low liquid level. Based on the experimental results, the excess heat released by the decomposition of overheated raffinate is pinpointed as the root cause of the explosion.     

Anisotropic behavior of energetic materials at elevated pressure and temperature

First principles and molecular dynamics methods where used to study energetic materials (EM) of varying sensitivity, particularly nitromethane (NM) and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN). Molecular and electronic structure, as well as anisotropic elastic properties, variation of charge distributions, and stress-strain behavior of these three materials were investigated. Information obtained from different levels of theory is useful to reveal and assess the anisotropic sensitivity of the studied systems. For NM, we observe a crystallographic phase transformation and a drastic change in its mechanical behavior. PETN is observed to be mechanically stable within the studied pressure range, with a marked anisotropic behavior when compressed at elevated temperatures.