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以废旧锌锰电池生物浸提液为前驱体、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为结构导向剂,采用水热法制备了一种新型球形介孔锰锌铁氧体(P-MZF).同时,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、比表面积(S_(BET))、X-射线衍射(XRD)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、选区电子衍射(SAED)、红外光谱分析(FT-IR)、X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)和磁滞回线(VSM)等表征分析了制备的材料,并研究了其对亚甲基蓝(MB)的吸附特性.结果表明,相比于无PVP制备的样品,P-MZF的比表面积S_(BET)(126.7 m~2·g~(-1))、活性点位的增加大幅提升了对MB的化学吸附能力;吸附动力学和热力学分析表明,Pseudo second-order和Langmuir模型适合描述其对MB的吸附行为.此外,经过5次循环吸附-醇洗再生,P-MZF对MB的吸附效率仍可维持在93%以上.制备的P-MZF具有高吸附和磁回收简便的优点. 相似文献
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Benn TM Westerhoff P Herckes P 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(5):1334-1342
Detection methods are necessary to quantify fullerenes in commercial applications to provide potential exposure levels for future risk assessments of fullerene technologies. The fullerene concentrations of five cosmetic products were evaluated using liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry to separate and specifically detect C60 and C70 from interfering cosmetic substances (e.g., castor oil). A cosmetic formulation was characterized with transmission electron microscopy, which confirmed that polyvinylpyrrolidone encapsulated C60. Liquid-liquid extraction of fullerenes from control samples approached 100% while solid-phase and sonication in toluene extractions yielded recoveries of 27-42%. C60 was detected in four commercial cosmetics ranging from 0.04 to 1.1 μg/g, and C70 was qualitatively detected in two samples. A single-use quantity of cosmetic (0.5 g) may contain up to 0.6 μg of C60, demonstrating a pathway for human exposure. Steady-state modeling of fullerene adsorption to biosolids is used to discuss potential environmental releases from wastewater treatment systems. 相似文献
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The fate and effect of nanomaterials in the environment is of paramount importance towards the technological application of the materials. This work shows the ecotoxicological potential of polyaniline (PANI) nanofibers in the larvae Rhinella arenarum by means of AMPHITOX test. Acute toxicity of PANI nanofibers towards embryos of the common South American toad R. arenarum (Anura: bufonidae) was evaluated in the premetamorphosis (stage 25) larvae. The exposure of R. arenarum larvae to at dose of 150, 250 and 400 mg L−1 resulted in 100% viability within 96 h exposure. The embryos at 2-4 blastomers stage (early life stage teratogenic test) revealed that embryos were not killed and no teratogenic effects were observed when embryos were incubated with PANI nanofibers (150 and 250 mg L−1), while only a growth retardation of embryos was induced at levels of 250 mg PANI nanofibers L−1. On the other hand, at 400 mg L−1 concentration, a reduction in the body length of larvae and tail malformation was observed. This results suggest that a concentration-dependent toxicity is operative, typified by phenotypes that had abnormal body axes. The presence of PANI nanofibers in gut contents and its excretion by larval stages of R. arenarum was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy. 相似文献
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A.K. Alegakis A.M. Tsatsakis M.I. Shtilman D.L. Lysovenko I.G. Vlachonikolis 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(4):633-644
Abstract This study describes the elimination of zearalenone concentrations in vitro using two new polymeric forms of cross‐linked polyvinylpyrrolidone (cryogels of cross‐linked PVP). Adsorption of zearalenone was studied under isothermal conditions and simulating pH of intestinal environment. A Freundlich isotherm was used to describe the adsorption data obtained. The results showed significant decrease of zearalenone concentrations, ranging from 33.5–66.2 % per 25 mg of polymer. Adsorption capacity (k) was estimated to be higher than that of previously tested adsorbents, including crospovidone. The data indicate the need to investigate structure peculiarities in order to improve mycotoxin deactivation procedures using PVP derivatives. 相似文献
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The present investigation determined the effects of epibrassinolide (EBL) on the levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), and polyamine (PA) and antioxidant potential of 7-d old Raphanus sativus L. cv. ‘Pusa chetki’ seedlings grown under Cr (VI) metal stress. Reduced titers of free (0.767 μg g−1 FW) and bound (0.545 μg g−1 FW) IAA in Cr (VI) stressed seedlings were observed over untreated control. Supplementations of EBL to Cr (VI) stressed seedlings were able to enhance both free (2.14-5.68 μg g−1 FW) and bound IAA (2.45-7.78 μg g−1 FW) concentrations in comparison to Cr (VI) metal treatment alone. Significant rise in free (13.49 μg g−1 FW) and bound (12.17 μg g−1 FW) ABA contents were noticed for Cr (VI) stressed seedlings when compared to untreated control. No significant increase in ABA contents were recorded for Cr (VI) stressed seedlings upon supplementation with EBL over Cr (VI) treatment alone. A significant increase in Put (18.40 μg g−1 FW) and Cad (9.08 μg g−1 FW) contents were found for 10−9 M EBL plus Cr (VI) metal treatments when compared to Cr (VI) treatment alone. Spermidine (Spd) contents were found to decline significantly for EBL treatment alone or when supplemented with Cr (VI) treatments over untreated controls and Cr (VI) treatment alone. Antioxidant levels were found to enhance, with glutathione (57.98 mg g−1 FW), proline (4.97 mg g−1 FW), glycinebetaine (39.01 μmol mL−1), ascorbic acid (3.17 mg g−1 FW) and phytochelatins (65.69 μmol g−1 FW) contents noted for EBL supplemented to Cr (VI) metal solution over Cr (VI) treatment alone. Reduced activities of guaiacol peroxidase (0.391 U mg−1 protein) and catalase (0.221 U mg−1 protein) and enhanced activities of glutathione reductase (7.14 U mg−1 protein), superoxide dismutase (15.20 U mg−1 protein) and ascorbate peroxidase (4.31 U mg−1 protein) were observed in seedlings treated with EBL plus Cr (VI) over Cr metal treatment alone. Reduced MDA (2.55 μmol g−1 FW) and H2O2 (33.24 μmol g−1 FW) contents were recorded for 10−9 M EBL supplemented to Cr (VI) stress over Cr (VI) treatment alone. Enhancement in free radical scavenging potential as indicated by higher values of 1,1-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl, deoxyribose and reducing power activity assays, and increased levels of phenols and soluble sugars also showed significant influence of EBL in alleviating Cr (VI) stress in radish seedlings. 相似文献
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