制药行业中污水处理技术及实践

采用物理灭活与生物处理相结合的废水处理技术对药厂污水进行处理,高温灭菌灭活了废水中的病毒、病菌等,生化处理化解污水中大分子的有机物.工程实践表明:两者相结合的处理方法,处理后的水质能够达到国家污水综合排放二级标准.     

微电解-UBF-CASS工艺处理制药废水

针对某制药业废水的特点，采用了“微电解-UBF-CASS”为主体的组合处理工艺。工程运行结果表明：在进水CODCr为10000—12000ms／L，处理后出水CODCr小于200mg/L，平均去除率达到98％以上，系统出水达到《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978—1996）中的二级标准。     

制药行业环境影响评价中的水污染分析及其污染防治措施探讨

制药行业具有工艺流程较复杂、使用的原料种类多、副产物多、物耗能耗大、废水排放量大、水质成分复杂等特点，所以科学的工程分析，可行的环境影响减缓措施在制药行业环境影响评价中至关重要。本文以头孢类无菌原料药项目为例，分析和探讨了制药行业生产特点及原料使用状况，工程分析的重点和方法，确定水污染因子及产生节点，提出保证水污染物达标排放的措施与对策。     

制药废水预处理技术探索

采用CAF涡凹气浮装置对制药废水进行预处理,考察了pH,温度,药剂对出水效果的影响,中试运行结果表明了CAF涡凹气浮在制药废水预处理方面的良好效果和应用前景。     

生物制药废水处理技术的试验研究

通过预曝调节、混凝气浮、过滤吸附三级处理法对生物制药废水进行试验 ,得到对排放量小、浓度高、间歇性排放制药废水的有效处理方法     

An investigation of occupational subgroups with respect to patient safety culture

There are varying views about the consistency of safety culture across a given organisation or industrial sector: some view it as homogeneous, whereas others have suggested the presence of sub-cultures that vary according to the work group or worksite. This paper reports on a study in which job characteristics and safety climate ratings from a sample of British community pharmacists (N = 860) were subjected to a cluster analysis, with the aim of identifying whether discrete groups can be identified on the basis of these ratings. A four-cluster solution was obtained from the analysis. Examination of quantitative and qualitative data from each cluster led to them being identified as: (i) the disenfranchising pharmacy; (ii) the perilous pharmacy; (iii) the safety-focused pharmacy; (iv) the challenging pharmacy. On the basis of the data obtained, safety culture appears to have both characteristics generic to all community pharmacies and characteristics specific to each cluster, with a number of social and organisational factors influencing the culture in any one setting. Implications for the modelling and assessment of safety culture are discussed.