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排序方式: 共有90条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
沙尘天气对沈阳市空气质量的影响分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
针对沙尘天气的成因、来源及危害进行综述 ,对沈阳市 2 0 0 2年出现的沙尘天气特点及对空气质量影响进行了分析 ,提出几点防治对策 相似文献
2.
Lei Zheng Xingbao Gao Wei Wang Zifu Li Lingling Zhang Shikun Cheng 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(1):5
3.
An environmental perspective of the post-tsunami scenario along the coast of Tamil Nadu, India: role of sand dunes and forests 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
An endeavor to feel the pulse of a coast devastated by a powerful oceanographic event is made. Results of field investigations along Tamil Nadu seaside revealed that the tsunami of December 2004 demolished dwellings within strips ranging from 6 to 132m (average width, 41m) from the dune, and flooded up to 862m (average, 247m) from the shore. The event damaged sand dunes, ripped dune vegetation, created new water bodies and shattered high value assets. Comparatively, casuarina forests performed remarkably. Uprooting of trees was exclusively restricted to a frontal strip ranging from 5 to 25m (average width, 14m) nearest to the shore where the maximum wave run-up was 6.5m above sea level. Sand dunes in general, and casuarina forests in particular, posses an innate capacity to dissipate powerful waves. This inference is supported by (a) negligible over wash along belts characterized by high dune complexes, (b) intact villages shielded by dense forests as well as sand dunes, and (c) maximum destruction of open beach front influenced by intense human activity. In this context, the coastal regulation zone (CRZ) Notification of 1991 offers sufficient scientific validity to be endorsed. However, post-tsunami ecosystem management initiatives lack a scientific basis. Therefore, a coastal hazards policy, that considers adaptation, dune restoration and forested buffer zones, is a sustainable long-term option for Indian coasts. 相似文献
4.
Minimization of the formation of disinfection by-products 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The drinking water industry is required to minimize DBPs levels while ensuring adequate disinfection. In this study, efficient and appropriate treatment scheme for the reduction of disinfection by-product (DBPs) formation in drinking water containing natural organic matter has been established. This was carried out by the investigation of different treatment schemes consisting of enhanced coagulation, sedimentation, disinfection by using chlorine dioxide/ozone, filtration by sand filter, or granular activated carbon (GAC). Bench scale treatment schemes were applied on actual samples from different selected sites to identify the best conditions for the treatment of water. Samples were collected from effluent of each step in the treatment train in order to analyze pH, UV absorbance at 254 nm (UVA254), specific UV absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA254), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), haloacetic acids (HAAs) and trihalomethanes (THMs). The obtained results indicated that using pre-ozonation/enhanced coagulation/activated carbon filtration treatment train appears to be the most effective method for reducing DBPs precursors in drinking water treatment. 相似文献
5.
Development along the western beachfront of Port Alfred, which is situated along a sandy shoreline, increased markedly in
the 1960s as the coastal town became a popular holiday resort. This development included the removal of coastal vegetation,
which resulted in the destabilization of dunes and migration of sand westerly onto the road, West Beach parking lot, and lawns
of the cabanas. Sand traps were constructed to collect sand blowing across the dunes over set periods, and the net sand movement
along the mobile dune belt was calculated using Hunter's equation. The dunes show an easterly movement of sand at a rate of
3.5 m/yr, which is comparable with figures recorded along other areas of this coastline. Considering the wind regime and amount
of sand movement along this coast, it is inappropriate to clear vegetation and develop within the dune region. 相似文献
6.
Recreational impact was measured on eight beaches in Glen Canyon National Recreation Area and 15 beaches in Grand Canyon National Park using permanently located transects and plots. Recreational impact indices included densities of human trash and charcoal and a measure of sand discoloration due to charcoal. Significant increases in the indices occurred on several Glen Canyon beaches over a seven-month period. Sand discoloration became significantly higher over all Glen Canyon beaches during the same time period. All indices were significantly higher in Glen Canyon than on similar Grand Canyon beaches. These differences are probably due to differences in: (a) level of impacts tolerated by the respective management regimes and, (b) in the number of user days among the two National Park Service administrative units. Management alternatives are presented for reversing the present trends of recreational impact on Glen Canyon beaches. 相似文献
7.
The effects of grazing by feral horses on vegetation and dune topography at Assateague Island National Seashore were investigated using color-infrared imagery, lidar surveys, and field measurements. Five pairs of fenced and unfenced plots (300 m2) established in 1993 on sand flats and small dunes with similar elevation, topography, and vegetation cover were used for this study. Color-infrared imagery from 1998 and field measurements from 2001 indicated that there was a significant difference in vegetation cover between the fenced and unfenced plot-pairs over the study period. Fenced plots contained a higher percentage of vegetation cover that was dominated by American beachgrass (Ammophila breviligulata). Lidar surveys from 1997, 1999, and 2000 showed that there were significant differences in elevation and topography between fenced and unfenced plot-pairs. Fenced plots were, on average, 0.63 m higher than unfenced plots, whereas unfenced plots had generally decreased in elevation after establishment in 1993. Results demonstrate that feral horse grazing has had a significant impact on dune formation and has contributed to the erosion of dunes at Assateague Island. The findings suggest that unless the size of the feral horse population is reduced, grazing will continue to foster unnaturally high rates of dune erosion into the future. In order to maintain the natural processes that historically occurred on barrier islands, much larger fenced exclosures would be required to prevent horse grazing. 相似文献
8.
Graf WL 《Environmental management》2000,25(3):321-335
/ Data from historical aerial photographs analyzed with a GIS show that river channel change on the Salt River in the Phoenix metropolitan area of central Arizona has been driven by large-scale regional flood events and local human activities. Mapping of functional surfaces such as low-flow channels, high-flow channels, islands, bars attached to channel banks, and engineered surfaces shows that during the period from 1935 to 1997, the relative areal coverage of these surfaces has changed. Flood events have caused general changes in sinuosity of the low-flow channel, but islands have remained remarkably consistent in location and size, while channel-side bars have waxed and waned. The most important determinant of local channel form and process is sand and gravel mining, which in some reaches occupies more than 70% of the active channel area. The general location of mining is closely related to the location of the moving urban fringe, which serves as a market for sand and gravel during construction. Quantitative spatial analysis of imagery supplemented by field mapping shows that for each location within the general channel area, it is possible to specify a probability of encountering a low-flow channel or other fluvial features. Maps showing the distribution of these probabilities of occurrence reveal the most probable location and configuration of the channel as it occurred in the past. Some reaches have the low-flow channel located persistently within a limited area as a result of bedrock or sinuosity controls, but other reaches dominated by flow separation or shallow gradient have almost no persistence in channel location from one flood to another. 相似文献
9.
10.
C. Soulsby D. Hannah R. Malcolm J. K. Maizels R. Gard 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》1997,3(2):143-154
This paper reports the results of 12 years of hydrological monitoring at the St. Fergus dune system in northeastern Scotland.
The site is adjacent to the UK’s largest gas terminal and the dunes are crossed in five places by North Sea gas pipelines
which were constructed between 1976 and 1990. These are buried beneath the dune system which was restored after pipeline installation.
The dunes include a substantial freshwater wetland which is seasonally flooded and provides an important habitat for waterfowl.
The hydrogeology of the site is characterized and the hydrogeological processes that sustain this wetland feature are considered
including recent climatic fluctuations.
Nomenclature: Names of vascular plants follow Clapham et al. (1962). 相似文献