话语视角下旅游目的地形象的社会建构--以杭州市为例

从话语视角出发,运用建构主义分析方法分析了杭州市旅游目的地的社会建构,指出杭州旅游发展历经了“政治话语下的风景疗休养城市”、“市场话语下的天堂城市”和“市民话语下的品质生活城市”3个时段。结果发现:叙事要素从西湖的“局部视角”扩散到社会的“全景敞视”;建构方式由“去生活化”转变为“日常生活的回归”;驱动机制经“旅游外交”、“市场产业化”发展到“增长联盟”。由此,旅游目的地形象建构从外延式的营销招徕转向内涵式的身份认同,突出“杭儿风”的形象特质和生活美学。     

异氰酸酯生产过程中危险有害因素及安全防护措施

介绍二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)这两种最常见的主要异氰酸酯的生产工艺技术概况;分析其生产过程中异氰酸酯、光气、氯气泄漏事故和存在的危险有害因素;辨识出异氰酸酯生产过程中的主要危险有害因素为毒性危害、火灾、爆炸危险等;提出相应的国际5层次安全防护措施,即选择合适的工艺路线、采用严格的设计条件、增加快速高效的在线监测、切实可行的监控和减缓措施、组织机构和安全管理措施,提出异氰酸酯生产和生产装置设计应严格遵守《光气及光气化产品生产安全规程》的要求。     

聚氨酯固化剂清洁生产技术分析

研究以一个利用分子蒸馏技术生产聚氨酯固化剂的大型新建项目为例,对其原料、产品、工艺和设备进行类比分析,提出了在聚氨酯固化剂生产中推行清洁生产的建议和措施,以期为制造单位在今后的工艺、工程设计、清洁生产和环境管理等方面提供一些科学依据。     

Relationships between simulated water stress and mortality and growth rates in underplanted Toona ciliata Roem. in subtropical Argentinean plantations

Toona ciliata Roem. (Australian red cedar) requires a nurse-tree overstory to prevent damage from drought and irradiation in some regions of north-eastern Argentina. T. ciliata was planted in the understory of Pinus taeda L. (625 stems/ha), Pinus elliottii Engelm. × Pinus caribaea Morelet (625 stems/ha), and Grevillea robusta A. Cunn. (833 stems/ha) nurse trees, which were thinned to 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the initial densities. We measured initial T. ciliata mortality and growth as well as Leaf Area Index (LAI) based on light transmission. T. ciliata soil water availability and its effect on early growth and mortality were examined by modelling drought stress using the two-dimensional forest hydrology model ForWaDy. Simulated patterns in T. ciliata water stress for the different overstory treatments were consistent with observed patterns of mortality. Early mortality was lowest with a G. robusta overstory, with corresponding lowest drought stress values and high modelled soil water contents in the top soil layer in intermediate and high overstory densities. Mortality was highest with a P. elliottii × P. caribaea overstory in treatments with the highest modelled drought stress values in the most open treatments. The model supported our field observations by indicating that water stress was an important limitation to T. ciliata survival and growth on our study sites. The linkage between T. ciliata establishment success, early growth and soil water availability as indicated by ForWaDy, leads us to conclude that the model is a suitable stand management tool for guiding establishment of T. ciliata plantations.     

甲苯二异氰酸酯装置危险有害因素分析及安全控制措施

甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)装置生产过程中涉及到光气合成及光气化反应,存在多种危险有害因素.通过对国内新建TDI装置的风险评估和劳动安全卫生预评价,辨识出了TDI装置生产过程中可能存在的危险有害因素,并提出了相应的安全控制措施.     

AF/BAF联合铁炭微电解处理高浓度TDI生产废水

采用AF/BAF联合铁炭微电解处理TDI生产废水,简要分析了TDI废水的危害及采用该污水处理工艺的原因。工艺采用高效微生物、新型载体、微孔均匀曝气及铁炭微电解联合技术对生产废水进行处理。运行监测结果表明：TDI生产废水经该工艺处理后,对CODcr、BOD5、氨氮、油类的平均去除率分别达到98.4%、97.9%、99.3%、99.1%,满足GB8978-96二级排放标准限值要求。该工艺具有占地面积小,脱色效果明显,处理效率高、污泥产生量少等特点。     

TDI生产废水中氢化水处理工艺研究

甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）生产中产生多股性质各异的工业废水。氢化水为其中之一。针对氢化水中污染物组分复杂、性质稳定的特点．采用微电解-Fenton试剂催化氧化组合工艺对废水进行处理研究,探讨处理过程中各种反应条件和工艺参数对处理效果的影响。微电解条件在m（Fe）：m（C）=7：1。pH值为5．0、停留时间为90min、出水混凝pH值为9．5时。对COD、苯胺类化合物等污染物去除率最高;后续处理采用Fenton试剂催化氧化,当pH值为6,Fe^2＋的投加量为0．78g／L,m（FeSO4）：V（H2O2）=1：8g／mL、停留时间90min效果最好。经处理出水各项污染物指标均达到GB8987-1996《污水综合排放标准》一级排放标准。