排序方式: 共有33条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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消油剂乳化率检验中标准曲线的选择 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文经过比实验,详细研究了添加双象1号消油剂对原油标线的影响,并对乳化率检验中的两种标准曲线进行了统计检验。结果表明:不添加消油剂制作的原油标线可使乳化率结果降低1 ̄3%左右,甚至个别消油剂的乳化率结果可相差20%左右,两条标线的统计差异非常显著。所以制作标准曲线时必须按比例添加消测剂才能确保执法数据的可靠性。 相似文献
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Surfactant-based oil dispersant toxicity to developing nauplii of Artemia: effects on ATPase enzymatic system 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The paper deals with the toxicity of a surfactant-based oil dispersant to the ATPase activities of two naupliar stages of Artemia (instar I & II). Both instars were exposed to sub-lethal and lethal concentrations derived from acute toxicity data. The chosen concentrations were near to LOECs and NOECs. An eightfold difference indicated between the instars was instar-exposure time dependent. The most prominent effects were the inhibition and the stimulation of Na+/K+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase activities, respectively. The cause of these effects was related to the dispersant components, the surfactants. The pattern stimulation/inhibition of Mg2+-ATPase and Na+/K+-ATPase activities could be used to indicate toxic stress by surfactant-based oil dispersants since previous studies with other contaminants have shown different ATPase activity patterns. 相似文献
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经消油剂处理的石油水溶组分对刺参幼参的急性毒性研究 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:2
为研究溢油经消油剂处理后对刺参幼参的危害,进行了如下试验:(1)表皮分别涂抹原油、0号柴油和消油剂;(2)消油剂分别处理原油、0号柴油所形成的水溶组分(chemical enhanced water accommodated fraction,CEWAF)和消油剂对幼参的96 h急性毒性试验。结果显示:(1)仅0号柴油和消油剂使幼参出现较短时间的收缩,表皮均未溃烂;(2)由高浓度至低浓度组先后出现部分幼参收缩、排脏、附着力下降,甚至表皮长疱、溃烂或死亡等现象,原油CEWAF对3月龄和4月龄幼参的96 h半致死浓度LC50(95%置信限)分别为246.09(211.16~286.81)mg/L和399.15(374.71~425.19)mg/L,4月龄幼参在0号柴油CEWAF浓度为125.89和19.95 mg/L时出现72 h内100%死亡和96 h内100%存活的现象,消油剂浓度为6 000 mg/L时幼参死亡率<50%。 相似文献
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建立了一种基质固相分散萃取—气相色谱法测定土壤中8种有机氯农药含量的方法,优选了固相分散剂及其用量、洗脱溶剂以及土壤样品与分散剂的质量比。实验结果表明,在弗罗里硅土作为分散剂、正己烷和丙酮(体积比为1∶1)为洗脱溶剂、土壤样品与分散剂的质量比为1∶3的优化条件下,8种有机氯农药在50~250 μg/kg范围内表现出良好的线性关系,相关系数大于0.99,加标回收率为60.3%~94.3%,相对标准偏差为6.83%~8.95%。实际土壤质控样测试结果显示,本方法的测试结果在标准值的不确定度范围内,可满足土壤中有机氯农药残留的检测分析。 相似文献
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The paper deals with the toxicity of a surfactant-based oil dispersant to the ATPase activities of two naupliar stages of Artemia (instar I & II). Both instars were exposed to sub-lethal and lethal concentrations derived from acute toxicity data. The chosen concentrations were near to LOECs and NOECs. An eightfold difference indicated between the instars was instar-exposure time dependent. The most prominent effects were the inhibition and the stimulation of Na+/K+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase activities, respectively. The cause of these effects was related to the dispersant components, the surfactants. The pattern stimulation/inhibition of Mg2+-ATPase and Na+/K+-ATPase activities could be used to indicate toxic stress by surfactant-based oil dispersants since previous studies with other contaminants have shown different ATPase activity patterns. 相似文献