排序方式: 共有18条查询结果,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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A. C. C. van Oppen E. J. Breslau-Siderius Ph. Stoutenbeek A. J. Pull Ter Gunne J. M. W. M. Merkus 《黑龙江环境通报》1991,11(12):915-920
Tuberous sclerosis is a single gene autosomal-dominant disorder, characterized by multiple hamartoma formation. It shows a wide variability of expression. Prenatal diagnosis by means of a DNA or biochemical marker is not yet possible. Ultrasound offers the only way to detect possible antenatal hamartoma formation, which is most commonly found in the central nervous system, the renal system, and the heart. We report a case of fetal involvement that appears unique because of the unusual location of a tumour in the neck of the fetus. 相似文献
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Roope Lasanen Olavi Airaksinen Jari Karhu Juha Töyräs Petro Julkunen 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2018,24(3):457-463
Introduction. Musculoskeletal symptoms related to using traditional computer workstations are common. Quantitative methods for measuring muscle stress and strain are needed to improve ergonomics of workstations. We hypothesize that infrared thermography (IRT) is suited for this purpose. Methods. This hypothesis was evaluated by estimating muscle activity in upright and traditional working postures with IRT and surface electromyography (sEMG). IRT and sEMG measurements were conducted in 14 female participants with both working postures. First, measurements with the traditional posture were performed. Later, participants had 1?month to adjust to the upright working posture before repeating the measurements. IRT images were acquired before and after a full working day, with sEMG recordings being conducted throughout the measurement days. Participants evaluated their neck pain severity using neck disability index (NDI) questionnaires before the first and after the second measurement day. Results. Spatial variation in upper back temperature was higher (p?=?0.008) when working in traditional posture and the upright working posture reduced (p?0.05) upper back muscle activity. The NDI was significantly lower (p?=?0.003) after working in the upright posture. Conclusion. IRT was found suitable for evaluating muscle activity and upright working posture to reduce the NDI and muscle activity in the upper back. 相似文献
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为探究井下支护作业人员颈部肌肉疲劳受伸张和屈曲角度变化的影响,采用表面肌电法(sEMG)实验模拟测量7种点位角度下,颈部夹肌、斜方肌以及胸锁乳突肌在不同作业频率时的疲劳情况,以积分肌电值(iEMG)及中值频率(MF)评价各肌肉疲劳程度。研究结果表明:低频实验中随点位角度的增大,颈部屈曲活动时,胸锁乳突肌疲劳变化明显,iEMG疲劳前后差值最大为1.55,MF下降率最大为0.60;颈部伸展活动时,夹肌疲劳变化明显,iEMG疲劳前后差值最大为1.59,MF下降率最大为0.59;斜方肌未表现出明显疲劳变化规律。高频实验相较低频实验疲劳发生速度加快,疲劳积累程度显著提升,颈部活动主要肌肉疲劳发生时间由16~19 min提前至13~17 min,各肌肉MF下降速度为低频实验的1~1.55倍。 相似文献
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Cameron “Dale” Bass Martin Davis Mark “Steve” Rountree Robert M. Harris Ellory Sanderson 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(4):347-361
To reduce human casualties associated with explosive ordnance disposal, a wide range of protective wear has been designed to shield against the blast effects of improvised explosive devices and munitions. In this study, 4 commercially available bomb suits, representing a range of materials and armor masses, were evaluated against 0.227 and 0.567 kg of spherical C-4 explosives to determine the level of protection offered to the head, neck, and thorax.A Hybrid III dummy, an instrumented human surrogate [1], was tested with and without protection from the 4 commercially available bomb suits. 20 tests with the dummy torso mounted to simulate a kneeling position were performed to confirm repeatability and robustness of the dummies, as well as to evaluate the 4 suits. Correlations between injury risk assessments based on past human or animal injury model data and various parameters such as bomb suit mass, projected area, and dummy coverage area were drawn. 相似文献
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Hans W. Hauschild John R. Humm Frank A. Pintar Narayan Yoganandan Bruce Kaufman Matthew R. Maltese 《Traffic injury prevention》2015,16(7):S9-S15
Objective: To evaluate the influence of forward-facing child restraint systems’ (FFCRSs) side impact structure, such as side wings, on the head kinematics and response of a restrained, far- or center-seated 3-year-old anthropomorphic test device (ATD) in oblique sled tests.Methods: Sled tests were conducted utilizing an FFCRS with large side wings and with the side wings removed. The CRS were attached via LATCH on 2 different vehicle seat fixtures—a small SUV rear bench seat and minivan rear bucket seat—secured to the sled carriage at 20° from lateral. Four tests were conducted on each vehicle seat fixture, 2 for each FFCRS configuration. A Q3s dummy was positioned in FFCRS according to the CRS owner's manual and FMVSS 213 procedures. The tests were conducted using the proposed FMVSS 213 side impact pulse. Three-dimensional motion cameras collected head excursion data. Relevant data collected during testing included the ATD head excursions, head accelerations, LATCH belt loads, and neck loads.Results: Results indicate that side wings have little influence on head excursions and ATD response. The median lateral head excursion was 435 mm with side wings and 443 mm without side wings. The primary differences in head response were observed between the 2 vehicle seat fixtures due to the vehicle seat head restraint design. The bench seat integrated head restraint forced a tether routing path over the head restraint. Due to the lateral crash forces, the tether moved laterally off the head restraint reducing tension and increasing head excursion (477 mm median). In contrast, when the tether was routed through the bucket seat's adjustable head restraint, it maintained a tight attachment and helped control head excursion (393 mm median).Conclusion: This testing illustrated relevant side impact crash circumstances where side wings do not provide the desired head containment for a 3-year-old ATD seated far-side or center in FFCRS. The head appears to roll out of the FFCRS even in the presence of side wings, which may expose the occupant to potential head impact injuries. We postulate that in a center or far-side seating configuration, the absence of door structure immediately adjacent to the CRS facilitates the rotation and tipping of the FFCRS toward the impact side and the roll-out of the head around the side wing structure. Results suggest that other prevention measures, in the form of alternative side impact structure design, FFCRS vehicle attachment, or shared protection between the FFCRS and the vehicle, may be necessary to protect children in oblique side impact crashes. 相似文献
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为进一步探索宁夏地区餐厨废弃物管理模式,解决管理过程中存在的政策倾斜不足、产业链缺失、人才短缺等问题,在宁夏地区开展了餐厨废弃物产生现状及管理方式调研.以银川保绿特生物技术有限公司为例,讨论宁夏地区餐厨废弃物回收处置企业发展瓶颈,提出了建立健全长效机制、引导餐厨废弃物处置端口前移、引进全产业链回收利用项目及增加科研经费... 相似文献