丁二烯缓冲罐自聚物的生成原因及防范措施

分析了ABS树脂生产装置丁二烯缓冲罐中丁二烯自聚物的生成原因,提出了预防措施,避免丁二烯自聚物的生成,保证装置的安全平稳运行。     

寒冷地区亚麻废水处理工艺的对比分析

亚麻废水是一种较难降解的废水,采用气浮-完全推流曝气工艺和UASB法处理亚麻加工厂废水,从能耗、工艺特点、运行管理上进行对比。结果表明,采用气浮-完全推流曝气工艺在处理此类废水中可收到良好成效,且废水处理成本为0.6-0.7元/m3。     

Copulatory plugs do not assure high first male fertilisation success: sperm displacement in a lizard

Sperm competition selects for opposing male defensive and offensive reproductive traits, and its outcome may be determined by the effectiveness to which one trait has evolved to out-compete the other. We tested the effectiveness of a first male plug physical interference with a second male insemination (defence) vs the effectiveness of plug and associated sperm displacement by a second male (offence) on the outcome of sperm competition in Iberian rock lizards. We conducted a double mating experiment where we compared the proportion of eggs per clutch fertilised by the same second males (against the same first males) when they copulated with females 30 min (first male plug adhered firmly inside the female cloaca) and 4 h (first male plug loosely adhered or shed from the female cloaca) after first males. We found that second males fertilised the majority of the eggs per clutch in the 30-min treatment, whereas fertilisations were equally shared between the two males in the 4-h treatment. These results show that plugs have little defensive effectiveness, and thus, do not assure high first male fertilisation success. Instead, sperm displacement appears to be associated with plug displacement. That is, because sperm embedded in first male plugs, and displaced from competition for fertilisations by second males, is expected to increase in number with decreasing time allowed for female sperm transport, second males thus enjoy higher fertilisation success. This study shows that offensive plug displacement out-competes plug defensive role in Iberian rock lizards. Moreover, it reveals sperm displacement as a novel sperm competition mechanism in reptiles.     

注水泥塞清洁生产工艺研究与现场应用

在油田井下作业过程中,常对油井的高含水层或报废井实施封堵,这种传统的施工工艺存在一些不足之处。引入清洁生产理念,提出了用钢丝绳将水泥浆送入井筒中预定位置的施工工艺,即无管柱注水泥塞工艺。该工艺不需要水泥车等特种车辆的配合,不会发生井下开关操作失误造成的事故,比传统注灰工艺节约作业周期3/4以上。另外,该工艺从源头上实施了清洁生产措施,操作简单,经济效益较高,在油田修井作业系统有推广价值。     

低能耗污水处理技术的应用

以蚌埠市第三污水处理厂为例,详细介绍工程中所应用的一体化技术、低溶氧技术、同时硝化/反硝化技术、微孔软管曝气技术、新型推流技术等低能耗污水处理技术,并从反应机理、处理效果、节能效果等方面加以分析和比较,为相关技术人员选择污水处理工艺提供了新的思路。     

螺旋升流式反应器与SBR生物除磷系统的比较研究

利用螺旋升流式反应器(Spiral Up-Flow Reactor，SUFR)进行了生物除磷的试验研究，并且与SBR反应系统的处理效果进行了对比分析。SUFR反应系统稳定运行六个月的结果表明，对COD和TP的去除率分别达94％和96％以上，优于SBR的处理效果。流态试验表明SUFR反应器的螺旋流动特征使其接近于推流式反应器，有利于在空间上形成有机物的梯度分布。而且SUFR反应器的螺旋升流特征有利于微生物种群的多样化及颗粒污泥的形成，使得该系统所形成的微生物生态系统更稳定，污泥指数较低，污泥的稳定性较好。     

金属薄板抗7.62 mm普通弹枪击性能的实验研究

目的 评估覆钢板复杂结构的抗枪击性能,开展薄钢板抗枪击性能研究.方法 采用56式步枪人工发射方式,分别开展4、8 mm厚06Cr19Ni10单层钢板与8、16 mm厚30CrMoA单层钢板以及06Cr19Ni10与30CrMoA(4 mm+8 mm与8 mm+8 mm两种厚度组合)双层钢板抗7.62 mm普通弹的枪击试验,测量子弹着靶速度与穿靶余速,观测靶板的破坏模式,理论分析单层钢板的弹道极限速度.结果 7.62 mm普通弹不能穿透16 mm厚30CrMoA单层钢板以及所有参试双层钢板,其余参试单层钢板均能被穿透.基于Recht-Ipson模型,4、8 mm厚06Cr19Ni10与8 mm厚30CrMoA单层钢板弹道极限速度分别为511.7、498.6、684.3 m/s.结论 薄钢板随厚度的增加,破坏模式从韧性扩孔向塞块推出转变,均为韧性破坏模式.强度较高的背衬板有助于提高前钢板的抗侵彻性能.     

厌氧氨氧化菌的培养与推流式反应器氨厌氧工艺

采用推流式固定化絮体生物反应器培养出高活性的厌氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)红色颗粒污泥.在稳定运行后,反应器的NH₄⁺-N和NO₂^--N去除率皆大于98%,TN平均去除率为86%,NO₃^--N的生成率约为14%,TN去除负荷达2.56kg/(m³·d).同时考察了进水基质比例对反应器性能的影响,并用扫描电镜观察了颗粒结构.     

宁海发电厂脱硫除雾器运行优化及防堵措施

分析了国华宁海发电厂600MW机组WFGD系统除雾器的应用环境及结构原理，提出了运行过程中除雾器优化方式以及防堵塞措施，为其他火电厂湿法脱硫系统解决同类问题提供参考。     

Signal Recognition and Hearing Protectors With Normal and Impaired Hearing

Recognition of acoustic signals when perception is subject to interference from noise has already been extensively studied. In this study the influence of hearing protectors (HP) (plugs, muffs) and hearing loss on signal recognition is examined. Different spectrums and levels of the noise are also included. The test results are shown as the masked threshold for the signals heard and identified. In the case of normally hearing subjects a frequency-independent HP (plug) improves hearing performance, while frequency-dependent HP (muffs) tends to worsen it, especially with low-frequency noise. Hearing losses even worsen hearing performance when plugs are worn. Design suggestions are made to optimise signal recognition. Minimum signal-to-noise ratio and the use of HP are discussed.