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1.
Dominique Calmet 《Chemistry and Ecology》1992,6(1):41-49
For hundreds of years, the seas have been used as a place to dispose of wastes from human activities. Although no high level radioactive waste has been disposed of into the sea, variable amounts of packaged low level radioactive wastes have been dumped at 47 sites in the northern part of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. in 1946 the first sea dumping operation took place at a site in the North-East Pacific Ocean. the last dumping operation was in 1982, at a site off the European continental shelf in the Atlantic Ocean. Between these two dates, an estimated 46 PBq (1.24 MCi) of radioactive waste coming from research, medical, military and industrial activities have been disposed of at sea. the present trend, through the Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and other Matter and other Regional Conventions, points towards the prohibition of the dumping of any radioactive waste into the marine environment. 相似文献
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临沧是我国铀矿资源地之一,本文在对当地多年的放射性矿及伴生放射性矿产产品开发中放射性污染问题进行了分析研究后,对目前采取的一些防治和管理措施进行了综合评价,对同类地区进行放射性污染管理具有借鉴作用。 相似文献
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本文介绍采用德国进口的LB9100D监测系统对80m烟囟排放的α放射性气溶胶浓度进行连续、自动监测。并与国产FJ-367,FH-463A装置进行了对比则量,两套装置的测量结果符合得较好。 相似文献
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The feed additive ractopamine hydrochloride was fortified at four concentrations into batch vials containing soils that differed in both biological activity and organic matter(OM).Sampling of the liquid layer for 14 days demonstrated that ractopamine rapidly dissipated from the liquid layer. Less than 20% of the fortified dose remained in the liquid layer after 4 hr,and recoveries of dosed ractopamine ranged from 8 to 18% in the liquid layer at 336 hr. Sorption to soil was the major fate for ractopamine in soil:water systems, i.e., 42%–51% of the dose at14 days. The major portion of the sorbed fraction was comprised of non-extractables; a smaller fraction of the sorbed dose was extracted into water and acetone, portions which would be potentially mobile in the environment. Partitioning coefficients for all soils suggested strong sorption of ractopamine to soil which is governed by hydrophobic interactions and cation exchange complexes within the soil OM. Ractopamine degradation was observed, but to mostly non-polar compounds which had a higher potential than ractopamine to sorb to soil. The formation of volatiles was also suggested. Therefore, despite rapid and extensive soil sorption,these studies indicated a portion of ractopamine, present in manures used to fertilize soils,may be mobile in the environment via water-borne events. 相似文献
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In the last decade the habit of smoking the hubbly-bubbly has increased sharply in many regions, including Europe, North America and Australia. Jordan is considered as having one of the highest consumptions of hubbly-bubbly in the world with respect to the general population. Our investigation was initiated due to the increasing trend of cancer cases in the last 10 years. The aim of this study was to determine the radioactive content in tobacco products available in the Jordanian market together with the related supplies. This study showed that all 13 samples investigated contained one or more radionuclides, from 210Pb, 40K, 137Cs, 238U, and 226Ra. Most of the samples contained natural potassium 40K and uranium 238U, lead 210Pb was found in three samples, while radium 226Ra was present only in one sample. Five samples contained the anthropogenic 137Cs. The estimated daily intake of U was found in the range between 4.4 and 115.8?µg per day (0.05–1.43 Becquerel (Bq) per day 238U), with geometric mean of 17.3?µg per day (0.2?Bq per day 238U). The geometric mean of U daily intake found represents 25% of the reference dose (RfD) value, where the highest determined U content represents 165% of the RfD value. This study demonstrated that a water vessel of hubbly-bubbly trapped less than 1.5% of the total U in Ma’assel samples. It is misleading to the public to indicate that a water vessel serves as an active filter for toxic and radiotoxic elements. 相似文献
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为了分析悬挂链式辐照室的火灾危险性,采用实验测定得出室内典型辐照物品的点着温度,通过设置3组火灾场景模拟得到卡源故障下各火灾场景辐照室内温度变化曲线。结果表明:各火灾场景卡源初期1 h,温度上升速度较快。随着时间的增长,室内温度不断上升,但上升速率逐渐放缓。在火灾场景A,B,C等3组条件下卡源故障分别发生9,4,2.4 d后,室内局部温度能达到210℃,室内辐照物品有可能被引燃。 相似文献
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