无患子皂苷与柠檬酸协同洗脱污染土壤中镉铅

以某废弃铅锌矿区重金属污染土壤为研究对象,采用无患子皂苷与柠檬酸(CA)协同洗脱污染土壤中的Cd和Pb.以无患子果皮投加量为20 g/L所得水浸提液和浓度为0.3 mol/L的CA配制复配淋洗剂.在浸提液中添加CA后,能有效提高对土壤中Pb的去除率.在浸提液和CA的体积比为1:3、淋洗剂pH为5、淋洗时间为12.0 h...     

有机农夫市集发起人：用最自然的方式生活

如果一位母亲从不给孩子买超市里零食,也从不给孩子打针吃药,包括预防针,几乎不到外面餐厅吃饭,你会不会觉得她很另类、大胆甚至有点＂变态＂？张映辉就是这样一位母亲,她按照这套方式养育了两个已经分别11岁和13岁的男孩。为什么会有这样的选择？怎么坚持做到？这让很多人好奇,也让她身边出现了很多＂志同道合＂的朋友。不过,和她站在一起的这些人追求的远不止给孩子吃什么,也不止是怎样养好孩子。     

无患子餐具洗涤剂的研制

制备了由表面活性剂和助剂组成的餐具洗涤剂,并通过试验法确定其最佳原料配比,对所配洗涤剂的去污能力进行了测定。结果表明,该产品制备简便、综合洗涤性能较好,具有较高的应用价值。     

造粒堆浸在粉质黏土重金属污染修复中的应用

针对粉质黏土对重金属的强吸附性导致淋洗修复难度大的问题，以某Pb污染场地的粉质黏土为研究对象，开展了造粒堆浸实验。加入0.06%(w)的无患子皂苷作为黏结剂造粒制得的球团，抗压碎力为65.87 N，堆浸240 h未发生崩解，满足堆浸要求。造粒可改善堆体的渗透性，240 h时堆体的渗透速率由5.50 L/(m²·h)大幅提升至22.66 L/(m²·h)。以4.00%(w)FeCl₃-5.00%(w)一水柠檬酸混合液作为堆浸液，水土比控制在1.5∶1，当土壤球团粒径1～4 mm、筑堆高度1.5～2.0 m、注液速率20 L/(m²·h)时对Pb的去除效果最优，去除率可达71.65%。对Pb污染土壤造粒堆浸的动力学过程较符合双常数方程，表明该过程具有土壤吸附特征。     

Evaluation of remediation process with soapberry derived saponin for removal of heavy metals from contaminated soils in Hai-Pu, Taiwan

The use of a biodegradable natural plant-based surfactant extracted from soapberry is proposed for the remediation of Ni, Cr and Mn from industrial soil site in Hai-Pu, Taiwan. Batch experiments were performed under variation of fundamental factors (saponin concentration, pH, and incubation time) for metal remediation. Removal of Ni and Mn were increased with increasing saponin concentration (0.015-0.150 g/L), whereas the removal of Cr was increased upto 0.075 g/L saponin. The Ni, Cr and Mn were removed significantly (p ≤q 0.05) at near to the neutral and slightly acidic (pH 5 to 8) conditions. Removal efficiency of Ni (99%) from the soil was found to be greater than that of Cr (73%) or Mn (25%) in the presence of saponin at a concentration of 0.150 g/L at pH 5. The removal percentage increased with incubation time where the removal of Ni was faster than that of Cr and Mn. The result indicates the feasibility of eco-friendly removal of heavy metal (Ni, Cr and Mn) from industrial soil by soil washing process in presence of plant derived saponin.