非金属掺杂活性碳纤维电化学处理模拟印染废水

分别采用磷酸、硼酸、尿素掺杂改性活性碳纤维毡(ACF)(记为PACF、BACF和NACF),研究了改性前后ACF电极的表观结构及电化学性能。结果表明,PACF的孔隙率和比表面积增大,O—P等含氧基团增多,出现更多活性位点,电催化活性增强。以PACF为阴极,采用电化学法处理含活性红X-3B的模拟印染废水。在废水pH=3.0、Na₂SO₄投加量为50 mmol/L、Fe²⁺投加量为0.60 mmol/L、电流密度为20 mA/cm²的条件下,反应180 min后,废水脱色率达100%,UV₂₅₄和COD去除率分别为97.13%和99.02%。重复使用5次后,PACF的性能仍好于ACF。     

Oxidation behavior of ammonium in a 3-dimensional biofilm-electrode reactor

Excess nitrogenous compounds are detrimental to natural water systems and to human health. To completely realize autohy- drogenotrophic nitrogen removal, a novel 3-dimensional biofilm-electrode reactor was designed. Titanium was electroplated with ruthenium and used as the anode. Activated carbon fiber felt was used as the cathode. The reactor was separated into two chambers by a permeable membrane. The cathode chamber was filled with granular graphite and glass beads. The cathode and cathode chamber were inhabited with domesticated biofilm. In the absence of organic substances, a nitrogen removal efficiency of up to 91% was achieved at DO levels of 3.42 ± 0.37 mg/L when the applied current density was only 0.02 mA/cm^2. The oxidation of ammonium in biofilmelectrode reactors was also investigated. It was found that ammonium could be oxidized not only on the anode but also on particle electrodes in the cathode chamber of the biofilm-electrode reactor. Oxidation rates of ammonium and nitrogen removal efficiency were found to be affected by the electric current loading on the biofilm-electrode reactor. The kinetic model of ammonium at different electric currents was analyzed by a first-order reaction kinetics equation. The regression analysis implied that when the current density was less than 0.02 mA/cm^2, ammonium removal was positively correlated to the current density. However, when the current density was more than 0.02 mA/cm^2, the electric current became a limiting factor for the oxidation rate of ammonium and nitrogen removal efficiency.     

用活性碳纤维毡回收废气中的氯乙烯

目前，对电石法生产氯乙烯装置所产生的高浓度氯乙烯废气一般采用颗粒活性炭吸附处理工艺，但此工艺流程长，需要反复加压、减压、降温、升温，还需要氮气置换等复杂的过程，且对氯乙烯废气的吸附回收率低，装置投资和运行费用高，且运行不稳定。