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Vanessa Cheesbrough Kurt A. Rosentrater Jerry Visser 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2008,16(1):40-50
Interest in renewable biofuel sources has intensified in recent years, leading to greatly increased production of ethanol
and its primary coproduct, Distillers Dried Grain with Solubles (DDGS). Consequently, the development of new outlets for DDGS
has become crucial to maintaining the economic viability of the industry. In light of these developments, this preliminary
study aimed to determine the suitability of DDGS for use as a biofiller in low-cost composites that could be produced by rapid
prototyping applications. The effects of DDGS content, particle size, curing temperature, and compression on resulting properties,
such as flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, water activity, and color were evaluated for two adhesive bases. The composites
formed with phenolic resin glue were found to be greatly superior to glue in terms of mechanical strength and durability:
resin-based composites had maximum fiber stresses of 150–380 kPa, while glue composites had values between 6 kPa and 35 kPa;
additionally, glue composites experienced relatively rapid microbial growth. In the resin composites, both decreased particle
size and increased compression resulted in increased mechanical strength, while a moderate DDGS content was found to increase
flexural strength but decrease Young’s modulus. These results indicate that DDGS has the potential to be used in resin glue-based
composites to both improve flexural strength and improve potential biodegradability. 相似文献
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R. A. Tatara S. Suraparaju K. A. Rosentrater 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2007,15(2):89-95
With the rapid growth in the ethanol fuel industry in recent years, considerable research is being devoted to optimizing the
use of processing coproducts, such as distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), in livestock diets. Because these residues
contain high fiber levels, they may be amendable to incorporation into bio-based composites. Thus, the goal of this study
was to demonstrate the viability of using corn-based DDGS as a biofiller with phenolic resin, in order to produce a novel
biomaterial. DDGS was blended with phenolic resin at 0, 10, 25, 50, 75, and 90%, by weight, and then compression molded at
51 MPa (3.7 tons/in2) and 174 °C (345°F). Molded specimens were then tested for tensile strength. Tensile yield strengths ranged from 32 MPa (4,700 psi)
to 7.6 MPa (1,100 psi), while the engineering strain ranged from 0.6% to 1.25%. Results indicate that DDGS concentrations
between 25% and 50% retained sufficient mechanical strength and thus represent reasonable inclusion values. Additionally,
data were similar to those from other studies that have investigated biofillers. Follow-up studies should quantify the effects
of altering molding parameters, including molding pressure, temperature, and time, as well as pretreatment of the DDGS. Additionally,
strength of the DDGS composites should be optimized through the use of coupling agents or other additives.
Mention of a trade name, proprietary product, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the United
States Department of Agriculture and does not imply approval of a product to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. 相似文献
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