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Assessment of bisphenol A released from reusable plastic, aluminium and stainless steel water bottles 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous high volume industrial chemical that is an estrogen and an environmental endocrine disrupting chemical. Bisphenol A is used extensively in the production of consumer goods, polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins and coatings used to line metallic food and beverage cans. There is great concern regarding the possible harmful effects from exposures that result from BPA leaching into foods and beverages from packaging or storage containers. The objective of this study was to independently assess whether BPA contamination of water was occurring from different types of reusable drinking bottles marketed as alternatives to BPA-containing polycarbonate plastics. Using a sensitive and quantitative BPA-specific competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay we evaluated whether BPA migrated into water stored in polycarbonate or copolyester plastic bottles, and different lined or unlined metallic reusable water bottles. At room temperature the concentration of BPA migrating from polycarbonate bottles ranged from 0.2 to 0.3 mg L−1. Under identical conditions BPA migration from aluminium bottles lined with epoxy-based resins was variable depending on manufacturer ranging from 0.08 to 1.9 mg L−1. Boiling water significantly increased migration of BPA from the epoxy lined bottles. No detectable BPA contamination was observed in water stored in bottles made from Tritan™ copolyester plastic, uncoated stainless steel, or aluminium lined with EcoCare™. The results from this study demonstrate that when used according to manufacturers’ recommendations reusable water bottles constructed from “BPA-free” alternative materials are suitable for consumption of beverages free of BPA contamination. 相似文献
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M. Masud K. Khan Carlos J. Hilado Sushant Agarwal Rakesh K. Gupta 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2007,15(3):188-194
Acrylonitrile–Butadiene–Styrene (ABS), Polycarbonate (PC) and their alloys are widely used in automotive industry, computer
and equipment housings. With increasing disposal of end-of-life electronic equipment, there is also an increased demand for
recycling of these materials so that they do not pose environmental challenge as solid waste. One of the recycling approaches
is mechanical recycling of these thermoplastics where recycled plastic is melt blended with virgin materials to obtain a high
quality product. Besides obtaining desirable mechanical properties, such blends should also conform to fire safety standards.
In this work, a series of blends were prepared using PC and ABS recovered from discarded computers and virgin materials using
a twin-screw extruder. Their flammability properties were evaluated using burner flammability tests and Ohio State University
(OSU) release rate tests. It was found that the extinguishing time, burning extent and weight loss appears to progressively
decrease with the addition of both virgin or recycled PC to virgin or recycled ABS. It was also seen that the addition of
the 70% of PC, virgin or recycled, to ABS virgin or recycled, appears to significantly decrease heat release and smoke evolution.
The results of this study indicate that recycled polycarbonate can be used as an additive for virgin or recycled ABS, as a
means of giving flame resistance to ABS in high-value applications. This result is significant when related to the result
obtained by a separate study indicating that up to 25% of recycled material can be used without degradation of mechanical
properties in the presence of 15% short glass fiber reinforcement. 相似文献
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Bisphenol A (BPA) has been found in plastic food containers, paper currencies and toys. BPA has been reported for various adverse health concerns including reproduction, development and carcinogenesis. These potential health implications have led to increasing use of alternative bisphenols such as bisphenol F and bisphenol S among many. However, little is known about the toxicity of alternative bisphenols and most of the toxicological information is limited to endocrine disrupting potentials. In this study, we evaluated cytotoxicity and the genotoxic potentials of several bisphenol compounds, and identified the mechanism of genotoxicity using a panel of mutant chicken DT40 cell lines deficient in DNA repair pathways. Several bisphenols including bisphenol AP, bisphenol M, or bisphenol P exerted genotoxic potentials that are greater than that of BPA. Generally RAD54−/− mutant cells were the most sensitive to all bisphenols except for bisphenol F, suggesting the induction of DNA double-strand breaks that could be rescued by homologous recombination. Genotoxic potential of bisphenols was confirmed by chromosomal aberration assay and γ-H2AX foci forming assay between wild-type and RAD54−/− mutant. Among the tested bisphenols, BPP at 12.5 μM showed the greatest genotoxic potency, inducing chromosomal aberration and γ-H2AX foci in RAD54−/− mutant by 2.6 and 4.8 folds greater than those in wild-type, respectively. Our results clearly show several alternative bisphenols can cause genotoxicity that could be rescued by homologous recombination pathway, and some bisphenols induced even greater genotoxic potentials than that of BPA. 相似文献
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Nona Merry M. Mitan Mihai Brebu Thallada Bhaskar Akinori Muto Yusaku Sakata Mitsuo Kaji 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2007,9(1):62-68
Waste DVDs and CDs were thermally degraded at 450°C by a semibatch process. In total, 40–50 wt% was converted into liquid
product that consisted of phenol derivatives (∼75 wt%), bisphenol (∼10 wt%) and its derivatives, and small amounts of aromatic
hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, dimethylbenzene, methylethylbenzene, diethylbenzene, and methylisopropyl
benzene. Degradation of the polycarbonate support from DVDs and CDs was enhanced by coprocessing with vegetable cooking oil,
the degradation of which gave a homologue series of hydrocarbons and organic acids with up to 25 and 18 atoms of carbon, respectively.
Silver from the reflective coating on DVDs and CDs remained in the solid residue, its concentration increasing about 2.5 times
compared to that of the original disks. 相似文献
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