气提-厌氧-接触氧化-气浮工艺处理聚酯废水

介绍了气提-厌氧-接触氧化-气浮处理工艺在聚酯废水工程中的实际应用,分析并总结了工程设计及运行的经验。实践表明,运用气提塔先对高浓度聚酯废水进行预处理,可以去除废水中对生化有毒性的醛类物质,保证后续生化处理的稳定运行。经气提-厌氧-接触氧化-气浮处理工艺处理后,废水中COD总的去除效率可达到98．7％以上,能够实现稳定达标排放。并可实现部分回用至生产过程。该工艺具有运行稳定和处理效率高等优点,为企业带来了良好的经济效益和社会效益。     

催化燃烧法处理聚酯工艺废气的实践

探索研究使用催化燃烧方法处理聚酯生产工艺废气的可行性，并在生产装置上进行了中试。试验结果证明，使用催化燃烧法处理效果好，不产生二次污染，处理后的废气可达标排放。     

UASB-好氧曝气-深度处理工艺处理聚酯废水和回用

介绍了气提-厌氧-好氧曝气-深度处理工艺在聚酯废水处理及回用技术中的实际应用,分析并总结了工程设计及运行的经验。实践表明,运用气提塔先对高浓度聚酯废水进行预处理,可以去除废水中大部分有机物,保证后续生化处理的稳定运行。经气提-厌氧-好氧曝气-深度处理后可以回用于生产过程中。该工艺具有运行稳定和处理效率高等优点,为企业带来了良好的经济效益和社会效益。     

聚酯废气组成及采样分析方法的研究

对聚酯装置工艺废气的形成，稳定性，采样方法及其浓度变化等进行了研究，结果表明，经冷的乙二醇娟收后排放出的聚酯放心气化学性质稳定，可采用聚四氟乙烯袋直接采样，采用DB－5大口径石英毛细管柱气相色谱法分析废气净化前后的有机污染物含量，净化前乙醛浓度变化在2000－30000mg/m^3之间，超出GB16297新污染源大气污染物排放限值（125mg/m^3)10-250倍，经处理后可达到国家排放标准，本方法可用于聚酯装置废气的监控。     

Bacterial degradation of a new polyester,polyethylene glycol-phthalate polyester

Microorganisms which can assimilate a new polyester synthesized from polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a dihydroxyl compound and phthalic acid as a dicarboxyl compound were isolated from soils by enrichment culture techniques. Two cultures, K and N, were obtained: Culture K grew on PEG 4000 polyester and culture N assimilated PEG 6000 polyester. Each culture included two bacteria indispensable for the degradation of polyesters: bacteria K1 and K2 for PEG 4000 polyester-utilizing culture K and bacteria N1 and N2 for PEG 6000 polyester-utilizing culture N. Bacteria K2 and N2 were responsible for the hydrolysis of ester bonds in a polyester and both were identified as the same species,Comamonas acidovorans. Bacteria K1 and N6 could assimilate PEG as a sole carbon and energy source. Both are Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rods and resembled each other on their colony characteristics, although strain K1 could not grow on PEG 6000.C. acidovorans N2 (K2) grew on dialkyl phthalates (C₂–C₄) and phthalate and tributyrin, but not on PEG, diphthalic PEG, and PEG phthalate polyesters. Their culture supernatant and washed cells hydrolyzed PEG (400–20,000) phthalate and sebacate polyesters.C. acidovorans had higher esterase activity toward PEG phthalate, isophthalate, and terephthalate polyesters than known esterase and lipases. The esterase seemed to be an extracellular one and attached to the cell surface.     

聚酯化纤废水中特征污染物含量与COD的相关性研究

研究了聚酯化纤废水中有机污染物乙醛、乙酸、乙二醇含量与ＣＯＤ之间的相关性，确定了ＣＯＤ与上述特征污染物含量的比值，并测定了它们的氧化率，为企业的生产工艺管理和 保管理提供了基础数据。     

阻燃涤棉混纺织物的研究与发展

对阻燃涤棉混纺织物的国内外研究状况、生产和应用中存在的问题,进行了论述,并提出了今后的发展方向。     

Hydrolyzable poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Due to the enormous annual increase in the volume of municipal solid waste, society's attention is focused on how to manage the solid waste problem. Plastic materials not only contribute a great deal to the litter problem but also create serious danger to the ecology. Every year, countless birds, sea turtles, and other marine mammals die from eating or getting entangled in plastic litter. Synthesizing degradable polymers can have a great impact on solving the problem of plastic litter. We have modified the structure of poly(ethylene terephthalate) to make it degradable in typical environmental conditions in presence of water. The change of physical properties of modified poly(ethylene terephthalate), resulting from hydrolysis, has been monitored and compared with those of pure poly(ethylene terephthalate).     

Degradation of a Terephthalate-containing Polyester by a Thermophilic Microbial Consortium

Biomax^® is an aliphatic-aromatic polyester. The biodegradability of Biomax^® was studied at 58 °C using a laboratory scale bioreactor. The bioreactor was inoculated with bacteria derived from compost and supplemented with powdered Biomax^® and an additional energy source. After a period of acclimation, the microorganisms in the bioreactor were capable of metabolizing the major components of the polymer, i.e., TPA and ethylene glycol. TPA and ethylene glycol were detected in the bioreactor only when they were added. Degradation and disintegration of the powdered Biomax^® was monitored by laser diffraction. The particle size distribution of the powdered polymer progressively shifted toward smaller sizes until the diameters of the polymer particles were indistinguishable from bacteria. The types of microbes in the bioreactor were determined by analyzing 16S rRNA gene sequences. The bacteria belonged to 35 different groups, and the majority of the bacteria appeared to represent new species.     

Degradation Kinetics of Biodegradable Fiber Composites

In a composite, fast degradable fibers determine the degradation of the slowly degradable matrix. Such biodegradable composites consisting of degummed hemp fibers and a polyester amide matrix were produced with fiber mass fractions between 0 and 0.48. The hot-pressed plates, 1-mm thick, were incubated in a standard soil. The degradation kinetics was quantified by the measurement of CO₂ production. Furthermore, after termination of experiment, the carbon balance was uncovered. The results were fitted to an exponential law taking into account the degradation of fibers. The increased amount of pores realized by high fiber contents induces pronounced degradation. The degradation is fully characterized by the time constant , which is correlated to the fiber mass fraction. The model allows to predict the degradation kinetics of composites with a few well-defined experiments.