可发性聚苯乙烯废水处理工程的设计与运行

介绍了采用中和混凝 水解酸化 生物接触氧化 化学除磷工艺对可发性聚苯乙烯 (EPS)废水的处理工艺。在废水中的CODCr、TP、SS、NH3 N分别为 194 0mg L、112mg L、5 92mg L、2 3 6mg L的条件下 ,废水经过处理后 ,出水CODCr、TP、SS、NH3 N分别为 70mg L、0 38mg L、2 6mg L、0 32mg L ,均可达到《污水综合排放标准》中的一级标准 ,废水中CODCr、TP、SS、NH3 N的平均去除率分别为 96 4 %、99 3%、95 6 %、98 6 %。     

水解酸化-好氧工艺处理感光材料有机废水研究

感光材料有机生产废水含有多种合成有机物，其BOD5／CODer比值为0．46～0．48，可生化性良好，经水解酸化处理后该废水的BOD5／CODcr的比值可提高至0．54～056，平均增加了17％左右。水解酸化－好氧串联工艺对该废水总的处理效果表明：在废水CODer进水浓度2000～2500mg／L范围内，CODer总去除率可达95％左右，BOD5总去除率可达97％左右；水解酸化后好氧生化系统的动力学半速度常数Ks＝103mg／L，最大比降解速度K＝5．0／日。     

HA-SBR法在制药废水中的应用

介绍SBR法在制药废水中的应用及工艺流程.通过处理COD从3600mg/l降到130mg/l.COD总去除率达到96%,出水可以达标排放.     

水解酸化＋两级生物接触氧化处理高盐度水产品加工废水

介绍了“水解酸化＋两级生物接触氧化”处理水产品加工废水的运行效果和工程实例，结果表明：对C1^-浓度平均6000mg／L的高盐度水产品加工废水，系统对COD、SS、氨氮的去除率分别超过了88％、90％、85％，出水COD、SS、氨氮分别低于100mg／L、70mg／L、15mg／L，出水完全可以达到《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978—1996）一级排放标准。     

水解作为污水生物脱氮预处理工艺的可行性研究

通过现场中试对水解过程有机物的降解和SS去除情况进行分析，并通过批量实验对比了水解前后污水的反硝化速率。结果表明：采用厌氧水解取代初沉池作为生物脱氮的预处理工艺，可以有效提高后续生物处理工艺的效率，并可补充一定量的反硝化碳源。     

The GaNE programme in a global perspective

This paper provides the background to this special issue, outlining the extent to which the global atmospheric nitrogen cycle has been modified by human activity and outlining the range of effects. The global total emissions of reduced and oxidized nitrogen, amount to 124 Tg N, and exceed those from natural sources (34 Tg N) by almost a factor of four showing the extent to which anthropogenic activity has taken over the global N cycle. Of the 124 Tg N, 70 Tg N is emitted in the oxidized form, largely as NO and 70% of which results directly from anthropogenic activity. The remaining 54 Tg N is emitted as NH₃, (66% anthropogenic). The enhanced nitrogen emissions are associated with a range of local, regional and global issues including, acidification, eutrophication, climate change, human health and tropospheric O₃. The paper also places the Global Nitrogen Enrichment (GaNE) research programme in the UK in a wider perspective.     

酸化冲击对低pH厌氧发酵系统性能的影响

为了研究酸化冲击对厌氧发酵有机废水能源回收系统的影响,利用自制的厌氧内循环反应器（anaerobic internal circulation reactor,AICR）,以模拟糖蜜废水为底物,逐步提高进水容积负荷以模拟高容积负荷下出现的酸化冲击。研究了反应器酸化前后运行参数,并利用高通量测序检测了酸化后系统微生物群落结构。结果表明：酸化会导致颗粒污泥解体,产气速率和COD去除率下降,产甲烷活性严重抑制,同时发酵类型也发生转变。反应器酸化以后,发酵类型从丁酸型发酵类型转变为混合酸发酵类型,在进水负荷不变的情况下,总产气速率下降约50%,从2 100 mmol·（L·d）-1下降至1 056 mmol·（L·d）-1。酸化后的系统中,非产氢发酵细菌为优势细菌（54.7%）,而产氢细菌所占比例较少（37.3%）,未检测到产甲烷细菌。     

酸化-复合絮凝法预处理煤化工废水

煤化工废水是一种高浓度难降解的化工废水,需要进行预处理以降低后续深度处理的负荷。在煤化工废水过滤和酸化沉降的基础上,分别选取聚合硫酸铁(PFS)、聚合氯化铝(PAC)和明矾(KA1(SO4 )2·12H2O)3种絮凝剂对酸化处理后的煤化工废水进行絮凝沉淀实验并比较其处理效果,从而选出最佳絮凝剂PFS,并用PFS配合助凝剂聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)作复合絮凝剂处理煤化工废水;同时探讨了其他两种絮凝剂分别和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)复配的效果。研究表明:过滤后废水在pH=3时达到最佳酸化条件;在pH=8时采用聚合硫酸铁(PFS)和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)以50:1质量比复配效果最好,废水COD去除率达到最大77.83%;氨氮、挥发酚和色度也明显降低,其去除率分别达到83.70%、69.01%和95.71%。该最佳预处理方案成本低、操作简单,是一种预处理煤化工废水经济有效的途径。     

新型高效改性材料在重金属废水处理中的应用

使用原始吸附材料,如微生物、有机或无机材料等吸附废水中的重金属时,通常呈现较低的吸附性能,其吸附量通常都低于30mg/g。因此,研究者更多地关注提高各种吸附材料的吸附能力。国内外一些研究者采用新型、高效的物理或化学改性技术对吸附材料进行表面改造,如将高聚物接枝融合到菌体表面、表面分子印迹吸附剂、固定化微生物、酸改性处理有机或无机材料等,与常规材料相比,改性后材料对重金属的最大吸附容量一般可提高到100mg/g以上。随着各种改性技术的不断成熟,利用改性材料吸附重金属废水将成为今后研究重金属废水处理的主流方向。     

Microbial response to CaCO3 application in an acid soil in southern China

Calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) application is widely used to ameliorate soil acidification. To counteract soil and bacterial community response to CaCO₃ application in an acidic paddy soil in southern China, a field experiment was conducted with four different dosages of CaCO₃ addition, 0, 2.25, 4.5 and 7.5?tons/ha, respectively. After one seasonal growth of rice, soil physicochemical properties, soil respiration and bacterial communities were investigated. Results showed that soil pH increased accordingly with increasing dose of CaCO₃ addition, and 7.5?tons/ha addition increased soil pH to neutral condition. Moderate dose of CaCO₃ application (4.5?tons/ha) significantly increased soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) content, enhanced soil respiration, while the excessive CaCO₃ application (7.5?tons/ha) decreased these soil properties. High-throughput sequencing results illustrated that moderate dose of CaCO₃ application increased the richness and alpha diversity of soil bacterial community. Compared with control, the relative abundance of Anaerolineaceae family belonging to Chloroflexi phylum increased by 38.7%, 35.4% and 24.5% under 2.25, 4.5 and 7.5?tons/ha treatments, respectively. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that soil pH was the most important factor shaping soil bacterial community. The results of this study suggest that proper dose of CaCO₃ additions to acid paddy soil in southern China could have positive effects on soil properties and bacterial community.