氨基酚类化合物对鲤鱼(Cyprinus caprio)肾细胞遗传毒性的影响

应用彗星试验技术,通过检测分级与分析软件相结合的方法,研究氨基酚类化合物在鲤鱼体内暴露72h后对其肾脏细胞DNA的遗传毒性。结果表明:3种氨基酚类化合物均能引起不同程度的DNA损伤,其损伤程度随剂量的增加而增加;与溶剂对照组相比,存在显著或极显著差异(P<0 05,P<0 01);同时,4个损伤指标AU,TDNA,MT及MOT显示了较好的一致性;结果也表明3种化合物所表现出的基因毒性差异可能与其结构有关。试验表明鱼类肾细胞彗星试验在环境质量监测中有较大的应用前景。      

氨基酚对不同生物细胞微核率影响的比较观察

氨基酚类化合物属于有毒有机化合物 ,在环境中对动物和人类造成潜在的危害。为了全面评价其遗传毒理学效应 ,采用不同的生物材料 ,不同的组织细胞 ,对 3种氨基酚类化合物进行微核试验。试验结果表明 ,3种氨基酚类化合物均能引起 3种细胞微核率的增加 ,高剂量组与对照组相比有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1 ) ,且有明显的剂量 效应关系。提示 3种氨基酚类化合物具有较强的致突变效应。     

对氨基酚生产废水处理的研究状况

介绍了近10年来对氨基酚生产废水处理方法的研究现状及3种主要处理方法－物化法、生物法、化学法,评述了各自的优缺点。     

Degradation of Poly(acrylic acid)s with Phenolic Side-Chains by Manganese Peroxidase from White Rot Fungi

Poly(acrylic acid)s (PAAs) with various functional groups, such as phenolic hydroxyl, amino, and aldehyde groups, in the side-chains were treated with manganese peroxidase (MnP) prepared from the culture of lignin-degrading white rot fungi. While no change in the M_w of PAA without a functional group was observed after a 24-h MnP treatment, the M_w␣of␣PAA␣with p-aminophenol as side-chains decreased from 90,000 to 59,000, and that with␣o-aminophenol from 70,000 to 26,000. MnP treatment also decreased the M_w of PAA with a p-aminoaniline or aldehyde group. Furthermore, the MnP treatment generated a significant depolymerization of the cross-linked PAA with p-aminophenol from an insoluble polymer to water soluble products. These results suggest that functional groups generating radicals can act as elemental devices and induce degradation of the PAA main chain.