Effects of long-term amendment of organic manure and nitrogen fertilizer on nitrous oxide emission in a sandy loam soil

To understand the effects of long-term amendment of organic manure and N fertilizer on N2O emission in the North China Plain, a laboratory incubation at different temperatures and soil moistures were carried out using soils treated with organic manure （OM）, half organic manure plus half fertilizer N （HOM）, fertilizer NPK （NPK）, fertilizer NP （NP）, fertilizer NK （NK）, fertilizer PK （NK） and control （CK） since 1989. Cumulative N2O emission in OM soil during the 17 d incubation period was slightly higher than in NPK soil under optimum nitrification conditions （25℃ and 60% water-filled pore space, WFPS）, but more than twice under the optimum denitrification conditions （35℃ and 90% WFPS）. N2O produced by denitrification was 2.1-2.3 times greater than that by nitrification in OM and HOM soils, but only 1.5 times greater in NPK and NP soils. These results implied that the long-term amendment of organic manure could significantly increase the N2O emission via denitrification in OM soil as compared to NPK soil. This is quite different from field measurement between OM soil and NPK soil. Substantial inhibition of the formation of anaerobic environment for denitrification in field might result in no marked difference in N2O emission between OM and NPK soils. This is due in part to more rapid oxygen diffusion in coarse textured soils than consumption by aerobic microbes until WFPS was 75% and to low easily decomposed organic C of organic manure. This finding suggested that addition of organic manure in the tested sandy loam might be a good management option since it seldom caused a burst of N2O emission but sequestered atmospheric C and maintained efficiently applied N in soil.     

流沙湾海域浮游植物群落结构的时空变化

根据2006～2007年4个航次对流沙湾海域浮游植物的调查资料,分析了该海域浮游植物的物种组成及时空分布、优势种及季节演替、总细胞数的时空分布、多样性指数和均匀度以及浮游植物与环境因子之间的关系.结果显示,调查期间共鉴定出浮游植物65属159种,隶属4个门.主要生态类群有广温种和暖水种,优势种季节更替明显,菱形海线藻(...     

流沙湾重金属变化特征与潜在生态风险评价

用ICP-MS对2008年流沙湾海水和沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr等重金属含量进行了测试和分析。结果表明,在所调查的14个站位中,流沙湾水体中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr的平均含量分别为(1.94±0.09)μg/L,(0.70±0.06)μg/L,(13.11±0.81)μg/L,(1.16±0.13)μg/L,(2.42±0.03)μg/L;表层沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr的平均含量(10.16±1.34)mg/kg,(62.46±4.42)mg/kg,(86.74±18.65)mg/kg,(0.50±0.03)mg/kg,(22.81±2.80)mg/kg。流沙湾水体中Cu、Zn、Cd含量夏秋季高于冬春季,Pb冬夏季高于春秋季节,Cr含量季节变化不明显;各重金属元素在不同水域含量水平大致相当。表层沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr夏季含量高于春季含量;Cu、Pb、Zn等元素在沙嘴处含量较高。生态环境质量评价结果表明,流沙湾水体未受到Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr等重金属元素的污染,水质优良;流沙湾表层沉积物中Cu、Pb、Cd、Cr和Zn等元素的潜在生态危害轻微。     

流砂过滤技术在腈纶污水处理中的应用

介绍了流砂过滤技术的原理及运行方式,并讨论了其在腈纶污水处理中的应用。研究发现,难降解的腈纶污水经流沙过滤器处理后,流砂过滤系统对SS、COD和BOD5的平均去除率分别达到78%、21%和32.7%。流砂过滤技术在腈纶污水的处理和达标排放中具有重要的意义。     

读老子像

传世老子画像,以元代的赵孟頫、明朝的张路所作最有名,赵作尤合《道德经》义。读《道德经》,室悬一帧赵孟頫所画老子像,会有许多十分亲切的感悟。严重秃顶。阔大的一圈,光洁,亮堂,无纤毫闲花野草的羁绊。一任道,自由自在,毫无阻滞地与天地贯通,浩浩汤汤气象万千地将宇宙注满,将你注满。     

德夯苗寨

如果把美丽的祖国比成一幅优美的风景画,那么我的家乡德夯就是其中靓丽的一笔。桥、河、船、山、水、悬崖、村庄是家乡德夯一道道美丽的风景线。这里的环境十分优美,古老而沉稳的桥,跌宕弯曲而迷人的河,灵巧便利的船,高耸入云的山,清澈见底的水,陡峭险峻的悬崖,古老悠久的村庄,阳光下灿烂美丽的苗寨,夜色中幽静的古镇德夯,真是如诗如画的人间仙境。一座古桥,无言地经受着小雨的润刷。古桥两岸,碧绿的守护者凤尾竹在微风中不停地摆动。桥下的     

流沙湾海域表观耗氧量和营养盐相关性分析

根据2008年2～11月对流沙湾海域4个航次的溶解氧和营养盐含量的调查数据,分析了表层海水中表观耗氧量的时空分布,并探讨它与营养盐之间的相互关系。结果表明：流沙湾冬春季海域表观耗氧量较大,而夏秋季表观产氧量较大;夏秋季大部分站位海水的溶解氧处于过饱和状态,其中秋季溶解氧的平均饱和率最高;表观耗氧量与溶解氧和溶解氧饱和率都呈现显著负相关,溶解氧和溶解氧饱和率呈显著正相关;表观耗氧量和营养盐根据不同的季节具有一定的相关性。流沙湾海域△CN／△CAOU,的比率为1：41．0,△Cp／ACAOU,的比率为1：588和1：303,均低于Redfield的理论比值。