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Qinqin Lou Yinfeng Zhang Dongkai Ren Haiming Xu Yaxian Zhao Zhanfen Qin Wuji Wei 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(10):2084-2094
Considering some advantages of Rana nigromaculata as an experimental species, we propose that this species, like Xenopus laevis, could be used to assay thyroid hormone(TH) signaling disrupting actions. To validate the utilizability of R. nigromaculata, we investigated the responsiveness of R. nigromaculata to a TH receptor(TR) agonist(T3) and antagonist(amiodarone) by analyzing expression, based on characterizing TR cDNA and developmental expression patterns. With high levels of identity with the corresponding genes in X. laevis, both TRα and TRβ in R. nigromaculata exhibited roughly similar developmental expression patterns to those of X. laevis, in spite of some species-specific differences. Both TRα and TRβ expression had greater changes in the liver and intestine than in the tail and brain during metamorphosis. T3 exposure for 2 days induced more dramatic increases of TRβ expression in stage 27 than in stage34 tadpoles but not in stage 42 tadpoles, showing that the responsiveness of R. nigromaculata to TH decreased with development and disappeared at the onset of metamorphic climax.Corresponding to greater changes of TRβ expression in the liver and intestine than in the tail and brain during metamorphosis, the liver and intestine had higher responsiveness to exogenous T3 than the tail and brain. Amiodarone inhibited T3-induced TRβ expression. Our results show that R. nigromaculata can be used as a model species for assaying TH signaling disrupting actions by analyzing TRβ expression, and intestine tissues at stage 27 are ideal test materials due to high responsiveness and easy accessibility. 相似文献
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土壤孔隙对土壤水分和养分迁移及水土保持有着关键作用,不同离子条件下土壤颗粒相互作用控制着土壤团聚体稳定性,而土壤团聚体形成和结构对土壤孔隙状况起重要影响。紫色土是三峡库区代表性土壤之一,探究离子特异性效应下颗粒的相互作用对紫色土孔隙状况的影响,对三峡库区水土生态环境安全具有重要意义。采用工业CT扫描技术和联合测定法分别对不同类型离子条件下的土壤孔隙状况和颗粒表面电荷性质进行测定,并分析其形成土壤孔隙特征差异原因。结果表明,(1)当浓度为0.01 mol·L-1时,Cs+体系下土壤孔隙的数量分别是Li+、Na+和K+体系下的2.90、2.23和1.44倍,其中,Li+、Na+、K+和Cs+体系下>1 mm孔隙数量分别占0.33%、1.06%、1.57%和1.88%;同时,Cs+体系下土壤最大孔隙的直径分别是Li+、Na+、... 相似文献
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采用特异性移动床生物膜反应器(SMBBR)和厌氧生物滤池(AF)组合工艺处理高氨氮农药废水。考察了HRT、pH和DO等工艺条件对SMBBR-AF-SMBBR组合工艺运行稳定期COD和氨氮去除率的影响。试验结果表明,在进水COD为2 408~7 440 mg/L、ρ(NH_4~+-N)为160.21~433.84 mg/L、TN为208.27~537.65 mg/L、HRT为8d、pH为8.0、DO为4 mg/L的条件下,处理后出水平均COD为342 mg/L,COD去除率达92.3%;ρ(NH_4~+-N)小于4.0mg/L,氨氮平均去除率为89.2%;TN小于50 mg/L,平均TN去除达83.0%。出水各指标均优于原A2O工艺出水。 相似文献
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为探究HPO42-和H2PO4-界面行为对土壤胶体凝聚的影响,以蒙脱石和胡敏酸胶体为研究对象,采用动态光散射技术比较研究HPO42-和H2PO4-引发胶体颗粒凝聚过程的差异.结果表明,随着电解质离子强度的升高,HPO42-和H2PO4-体系蒙脱石-胡敏酸混合悬液从慢速凝聚(线性增长)转化为快速凝聚(幂函数增长),但胶体凝聚过程对H2PO4-体系离子强度的变化更敏感.HPO42-和H2PO4-作用下凝聚体有效粒径增长、总体平均凝聚速率(TAA)、临界聚沉离子强度(CCIS)和活化能均存在明显差异;其中,与HPO42-相比,H2PO4-体系中拥有更高的TAA、更低的CCIS和活化能,说明H2PO4-离子引发蒙脱石-胡敏酸混合胶体凝聚的作用更强,HPO42-体系中CCIS是H2PO4-中的2.43倍.HPO42-和H2PO4-体系中离子特异性效应的差异(活化能差值)随离子强度的降低而增大,主要由强电场中离子非经典极化作用引发.胡敏酸的添加明显增加了HPO42-体系中胶体的CCIS和活化能,而对H2PO4-体系未产生明显影响;HPO42-和H2PO4-离子特异性效应的强弱在不同比例蒙脱石/胡敏酸体系中表现为96%蒙脱石+4%胡敏酸 >> 99%蒙脱石+1%胡敏酸 > 100%蒙脱石.以上结果表明HPO42-和H2PO4-对蒙脱石-胡敏酸混合胶体的凝聚存在强烈的离子特异性效应,胶体表面附近电场强度直接影响该效应的强弱. 相似文献
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荧光原位杂交技术在环境微生物生态学解析中的应用研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
近年来,诸多国家在环境微生物领域先后开展了分子生物学研究方法的建立和生物学评价工作。一些不依靠纯培养的微生物群落的分析方法已得到广泛应用和发展。荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术,具有细胞在测定过程中不被破坏、形状不改变、特异性强、能够真实反映在自然环境下微生物的情况及分布等特点,在环境微生物群落探测分析中已逐渐被广泛应用。该技术利用带有荧光标记的特异性寡核苷酸探针,与细胞内相应的靶核糖体结合,能将微生物探测、鉴定到属和种的水平。运用于硝化细菌、除磷细菌和丝状微生物等废水处理中常见的特征性微生物种群和群落生态学研究中,颇为高效。该技术的应用避免了传统培养方法进行鉴定和计数的局限性,在环境微生物生态学解析中具有较高应用价值。 相似文献
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Using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model animal for assessing the
toxicity induced by microcystin-LR 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Among more than 75 variants of microcystin(MC),microcystin-LR(MC-LR) is one of the most common toxins.In this study,the feasibility of using Caenorhabditis elegans to evaluate MC-LR toxicity was studied.C.elegans was treated with MC-LR at different concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 80 μg/L.The results showed that MC-LR could reduce lifespan,delay development,lengthen generation time,decrease brood size,suppress locomotion behavior,and decreases hsp-16-2-gfp expression.The endpoints of generation time,brood... 相似文献