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不同海拔珠芽蓼抗氧化系统的研究 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
对生长在青藏高原不同海拔地区的多年生高山植物珠芽蓼(Polygonum viviparum L.)的抗氧化系统进行了测试,以探讨高山植物对于高寒环境的适应机理。结果表明:随着海拔的升高,叶绿素a(chla)、叶绿素b(chlb)含量明显下降,chla/chlb增大,珠芽蓼叶和根细胞的膜脂过氧化均加剧,丙二醛(MDA)含量明显增加。3种抗氧化酶的活性受到明显影响,其中叶片中过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,随海拔升高而活性降低,而均与根中的变化趋势相反,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性随海拔升高呈增强的趋势,且叶片中活性较根中变化明显,抗坏血酸(AsA)随海拔的升高,含量呈明显增加,膜脂过氧化与抗氧化物酶的变化具有不一致性,这可能表明两种抗氧化系统之间存在一定的协同作用,特别是高含量的抗坏血酸,可能在高山植物适应高寒环境的胁迫方面具有更加重要的作用。图5表1参22。 相似文献
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宋昕旖聂瑾璐杨梦涵喻懋椿陶梁明冯虎元潘建斌 《应用与环境生物学报》2022,(6):1527-1533
Polygonum viviparum, which reproduces sexually and asexually, is widely distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and its reproduction strategies are very sensitive to changes in the environment. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of altitude on the photosynthetic characteristics and reproductive strategies of P. viviparum. This study was conducted to investigate the responses of photosynthetic, vegetative, and reproductive traits of P. viviparum populations along six altitudinal gradients in the eastern part of the Qilian Mountains in China. Our results indicated that, with increasing altitude, the net photosynthetic rate of P. viviparum showed an increasing trend, reaching its maximum value (14.39 μmol m–2 s–1) at 3 700 m above sea level. The transpiration rate showed an increasing trend, followed by a decreasing trend, and the intercellular CO2 concentration did not differ significantly between altitudes. With increasing altitude, the plant height and leaf area of P. viviparum showed a downward trend, the aboveground and underground biomass decreased, and the specific leaf area initially decreased and then increased. However, the leaf greenness index showed an upward trend, and the number of stomata in the upper and lower epidermis of leaves initially increased and then decreased. With increasing altitude, the proportion of inflorescence length per plant (the ratio of inflorescence length to plant height), the proportion of bulbil length per inflorescence (the ratio of bulbil length to inflorescence height), and the proportion of the number of bulbils per inflorescence (the ratio of the number of bulbils to the total number of flowers and bulbils) showed an increasing trend. Air temperature and light intensity are the major environmental factors affecting the photosynthetic characteristics and functional traits of P. viviparum. Thus, P. viviparum is exposed to more environmental stresses and obtains less energy when altitude increases, but it adapts to the harsh alpine environment by increasing the photosynthetic capability per unit area. With increasing altitude, P. viviparum populations may be sustained by investing less energy in vegetation and more in reproduction, especially asexual reproduction. © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved. 相似文献
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东南亚珠芽魔芋多苗接力生长特性及应用前景 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
以珠芽魔芋人工诱导开花进行规模化无性育种,可将魔芋繁殖系数从1位数提高约330倍;采用催苗技术让种子及叶面球茎提早出苗,可显著延长魔芋生长周期,使魔芋种植周期由3年缩短为1年;魔芋种子1年生长最高膨大率超过5000倍,当年即形成1180g球茎;魔芋叶面球茎最大膨大率超过100倍,两者种植一季魔芋即可用于加工.突破了魔芋繁殖系数低、膨大率低导致种植周期长的双重困局,显著降低了病害风险,大幅度缩短了魔芋种植周期,从而突破魔芋传统种植区域的地理限制,使魔芋总产量超常规增长. 相似文献
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