LAI inversion algorithm based on directional reflectance kernels

Leaf area index (LAI) is an important ecological and environmental parameter. A new LAI algorithm is developed using the principles of ground LAI measurements based on canopy gap fraction. First, the relationship between LAI and gap fraction at various zenith angles is derived from the definition of LAI. Then, the directional gap fraction is acquired from a remote sensing bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) product. This acquisition is obtained by using a kernel driven model and a large-scale directional gap fraction algorithm. The algorithm has been applied to estimate a LAI distribution in China in mid-July 2002. The ground data acquired from two field experiments in Changbai Mountain and Qilian Mountain were used to validate the algorithm. To resolve the scale discrepancy between high resolution ground observations and low resolution remote sensing data, two TM images with a resolution approaching the size of ground plots were used to relate the coarse resolution LAI map to ground measurements. First, an empirical relationship between the measured LAI and a vegetation index was established. Next, a high resolution LAI map was generated using the relationship. The LAI value of a low resolution pixel was calculated from the area-weighted sum of high resolution LAIs composing the low resolution pixel. The results of this comparison showed that the inversion algorithm has an accuracy of 82%. Factors that may influence the accuracy are also discussed in this paper.     

复杂环境下具有轨道特征目标模型光散射特性研究

依据目标表面材料光谱反射率、等效光学常数色散曲线和双向反射分布函数（BRDF）及表面高度起伏均方根,建立了理论模型,计算分析了一种空间简单体组合模型在太阳、地球-大气系统背景影响下目标可见光散射特性随入射波长和轨道高度的变化关系。计算结果表明,散射体在相同轨道的条件下,表面材料的反射率越高,光散射强度越大;散射体材料相同时,散射体散射强度随着散射体轨道高度的增加而减小。