社会主义市场经济条件下劳动安全卫生工作中的第三方认证与注册

我国正处在从计划经济向市场经济转轨的过程，劳动安全卫生管理系统也在发生着重要变化。根据劳动安全卫生管理工作中存在的问题，分析并提出利用非官方的、独立自主的第三方认证／注册机构的优点和缺点。     

ISO 14001 certification and financial performance: selection-effect versus treatment-effect

The paper explores the bi-directional relationship between ISO 14001 certification and financial performance with the aim of shedding light on whether better performance is due to the beneficial effects of ISO 14001 or due to selection-effects where better performance precedes accreditation. The study uses a five year longitudinal analysis to compare the financial performance of firms in Spain before and after certification. The results of a multivariate panel data analysis find that firms with better than average performance have a greater propensity to pursue accreditation but there is no evidence that improvements in performance follow certification. This suggests that the inference that environmental variables cause improved financial performance may be unwise in research studies that can only measure association.     

瑞士绿色水电认证对我国水电开发评估的启示

简要介绍了EAWAG"绿色水电认证"的概念、程序和标准要求,分析了我国目前水电站评估中存在的制度上、技术上的缺陷和问题,结合"绿色水电认证"的特点,论证了该认证标准在我国水电站评估中的适宜性:绿色水电认证将管理计划与生态目标有机地结合,为我国水电评估指标体系的构建提供了十分有益的参考;通过绿色电力认证额外增加的发电量作为生态投资,强调电力的生态价值,提供资金改善受影响河道的生态完整性;绿色水电认证标准中关于生态监测的数据要求,能够填补我国目前水电站生态影响评价数据的不足.     

Which “fairness”, for whom,and why? An empirical analysis of plural notions of fairness in Fairtrade Carbon Projects,using Q methodology

Fairness is a relative concept with multiple, subjective and competing notions of what it is, how to achieve it, and for which beneficiaries. Fairtrade International's collaborative efforts to develop a standard to certify Fairtrade Carbon Credits (FCCs) brought together multiple stakeholders in a deliberative context. This paper uses Q methodology to empirically assess the notions of fairness this wider consultation group held. Three distinct ‘factors’ (or perspectives) are identified, and discussed in relation to a multi-dimensional framework for exploring fairness. The first factor prioritises development delivered through organisations, participation in decision-making and use of minimum prices to adjust trade imbalances. The second factor conceptualises a non-exclusive approach maximising generation and sales of FCCs, involving a commodity chain where everyone performs their optimum function with financial transparency and information-sharing to facilitate negotiations. The third factor involves minimising intervention, allowing carbon commodity chains and project set-ups to function efficiently, and make their own adjustments to enhance benefits access and quality received by beneficiaries. The three factors reflect debates within carbon and fair trade spheres about who should be playing which roles, who should be accessing which benefits, and how people should be supported to interact on an uneven playing field. Communicating findings to standards organisations enables a more open and inclusive policy process. Our research provides a critical reflection on these plural notions of fairness, identifying areas of (dis)agreement within the FCC dialogue, and provides a wider, yet manageable, set of inputs for supporting the FCC process during its inception and subsequent implementation. Clearer definitions of “fairness” are also useful for standards organisations in reviewing ex post whether “fairness” goals have been met.     

论注册安全主任制度

为适应市场经济条件下安全生产工作的需要,以广州市建立注册安全主任执业资格制度为背景,概述了作为职业资格制度之一的“执业资格制度”、分析了安全主任执业资格制度产生的社会条件,论述了安全主任知识结构、作用机理等。用以上内容,试图论证：注册安全主任执业资格制度的产生是社会市场经济发展的必然要求     

建立我国安全工程专业执业资格制度的研究

论述了在市场经济体制下建立安全工程专业执业资格的必要性和可行性 ,介绍了国外开展安全专业执业资格的情况以及在我国建立安全工程专业执业资格的有利条件     

区域环境管理体系认证带来的巨大优势

本文通过介绍秦皇岛经济技术开发区进行环境管理体系认证后发生的种种变化,阐述了区域环境管理体系认证给秦皇岛经济开发区带来的巨大变化。开展区域环境管理体系认证的好处主要体现在:提高了区域竞争力和招商引资的条件;有利于实现区域环境与经济的协调发展;促进了区内企业部分管理水平的提高;增强了全区员工的环境意识;对企业环境管理起到了推动作用。     

Challenges to the implementation of a sustainable development certification programme for the minerals and metals industry

Private, voluntary eco-labelling and certification programmes are being developed for a number of industries to promote and verify higher environmental, economic and social standards. In some cases, these initiatives have developed regardless of whether there is initial, broad support within industry. This article seeks to identify some of the challenges inherent in the implementation of a sustainable development certification programme for the minerals and metals industry. The article looks for guidance from initiatives that are drawn for the most part from other resource industries, most notably forestry. While the article takes a Canadian perspective, many of the challenges raised in the article are also applicable internationally. The article concludes that stakeholders can learn from other resource industries if a decision is made to develop a certification programme for the minerals and metals industry. Crucial to the long-term success of such a programme will be the establishment of a true partnership among stakeholders throughout the initiative's development. Crown Copyright.     

大气二氧化硫(片剂)标准样品的研究

介绍了一种研制大气ＳＯ２(片剂)标准样品的新方法,重点论述了研究过程中对样品进行的均匀性、稳定性检验和定值。研究结果表明,样品均匀性良好、定值可靠,稳定期达３ａ以上。该标准样品已广泛应用于我国环境监测系统,并被批准为国家环境标准样品      

结合《安全生产法》的颁布与实施探析我国职业安全健康管理体系认证认可工作

结合安全生产法的相关规定 ,对新形势下如何科学、规范、系统地做好OSHMS认证认可工作以及建立规范有效的认证认可机制进行了分析和探讨 ;提出了OSHMS认证过程中应引起关注的一些问题以及认证市场准入机制、机构认可和监督管理机制。