A mechanical pre-treatment process for the valorization of useful fractions from spent batteries

In this paper the authors propose a full-scale plant aimed to pre-treat spent batteries in order to obtain cleaned useful fractions (magnetic and non-magnetic metals, paper, plastic, a fine-sized material made of a metal-carbon mixture). The treating process was designed after having analyzed and tested a representative sample coming from the whole amount of spent batteries collected in 1 month by the public service in and around Turin. The analyses performed on the sample allowed the authors to determine its in-percentage composition in term of type of batteries: 60-70% b.w. (by weight) alkaline, 25-30% b.w. Zn-C and 5-10% b.w. other types. For each type, the composition in term of size (AAA or LR03; AA or LR6; C or LR14; D or LR20; 9 V or 6F22A; 4.5 V or 3R12A) has also been determined.The treatment for the recovery of secondary raw materials foresees the following phases:

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separation of useful types/sizes of exhaust batteries to undergo further treatments by means of a first sieving process;

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liberation of the single components taking advantage of a crushing operation;

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separation of a fine-sized material (to subject to pyro or hydro metallurgic recovery) from a coarse-sized material (to send to secondary smelt foundries and incinerators) by means of a second sieving phase.

On the basis of the results obtained from the crushing/sieving laboratory tests and the chemical characterization, a full-scale plant able to treat about 76,000 t/y of spent batteries has been designed. The cost analysis performed on the proposed treatment plant has given back a unit pre-treatment cost equal to 3€ per ton of processed spent batteries.     

某矿破碎系统的电气改造设计中注重安全措施

本文介绍了在丰山铜矿选矿破碎系统电气改造设计中,注重安全,在系统功能、控制原理、设备构成、工程实施和操作维护等方面的措施和实际效果。     

Environmental safety via a clean technology of diamond extraction—a laboratory experiment

Before diamonds can be made beautiful, they have to be removed from their natural state within the kimberlite ore. Breaking of the ore in crushers is not very effective since the diamonds are subjected in the process to a high dynamic load that damages them and reduces their market value. A new method was developed for extracting diamonds from the ore with minimized damage. The chunks of ore are processed in specialized solutions under a special regime. As a result, the ore loses its hardness and disintegrates under weak mechanical action, and the quantity and quality of diamonds extracted from the same volume of ore is increased. The method may be realized in a closed cycle without waste, and guarantees a high level of environmental safety.     

水田开发渗透抑制的“破碎碾压工法”的基本原理及其应用——日本火山灰土壤水田开发实践和中国砂质土壤室内外研究成果简介

介绍日本早在６０年代初期火山灰土壤水田开发实践中由岩手大学的研究者们创造和发展的“破碎碾压工法”的基本原理及其应用，并对最近中国砂质土壤渗透抑制的室内外研究结果进行了简单介绍，目的是为漏水性土壤地区水田开发以及土壤防渗工程措施提供借鉴。     

钢质推制无缝弯头芯模形状曲线的设计

介绍铜质推制无缝弯头芯模形状曲线的设计方法,该方法成功地应用于制造325mm×10mm、219mm×8mm、168mm×5mm、159mm×10mm、108mm×6mm、73mm×4mm等多种规格的无缝弯头.     

水田开发渗透抑制的“破碎碾压工法”的基本原理及其应用——日本火山灰土壤水田开发实践和中国砂质土壤室内外研究成果简介

介绍日本早在６０年代初期火山灰土壤水田开发实践中由岩手大学的研究者们创造和发展的“破碎碾压工法”的基本原理及其应用，并对最近中国砂质土壤渗透抑制的室内外研究结果进行了简单介绍，目的是为漏水性土壤地区水田开发以及土壤防渗工程措施提供借鉴。