石拐区煤炭开采对生态环境的影响及恢复调研

本文根据石拐区实际，阐述了矿山开采造成的生态破坏与危害，分析了其产生原因，并以地面塌陷，煤矸石综合利用和生态恢复为重点，建立生态环境补偿机制为手段，建设生态经济为中心的生态恢复对策。     

基于“压力-状态-响应”模型的宝鸡市生态环境敏感性评价

生态环境敏感性评价研究对于区域社会、经济与生态环境可持续发展具有重要现实意义。基于"压力-状态-响应"(PSR)模型构建相关指标体系,运用均方差赋权法对选取的2001~2013年宝鸡市生态环境"压力-状态-响应"层共25项指标进行评价研究。结果表明:生态环境压力指数和响应指数是影响宝鸡市生态环境敏感性变化的主要因素;受人类活动影响,2001~2013年宝鸡市生态环境敏感性不断波动,其发展大致经历了4个阶段:即2001~2004年属于较高敏感阶段,2005~2009年属于中度敏感阶段,2010~2011年属于较低敏感阶段,2012~2013年属于低敏感阶段。调整区域产业结构、优化经济发展方式、加强生态环境治理力度,是降低宝鸡市生态环境敏感性,实现区域人与社会、经济、资源和生态环境持续协调发展的有效途径。     

江汉平原生态环境的保护和发展

本文探讨了江汉平原生态环境保护和发展的主导思想。作者强调该问题应从更高层次和更大范围来考虑,并在经济和社会发展中做好生态环境的保护工作。持续性生态系统的研究是重要的,要结合人类生存和发展考虑生态环境战略;分析了这一地区的农业资源发展、水利及农村能源等的优势及问题,并提出在改革开放新形势下生态环境的保护和发展建议。     

青岛市大沽河河口区生态环境现状研究

在野外调查的基础上,利用2005年的遥感影像,并结合20世纪80年代至2005年的监测数据,分析了青岛市大沽河口区的生态环境现状,探讨了该区域主要环境问题并对污染源进行了分析,对区域环境开发和保护提出了对策。     

征收生态环境补偿费的现状及依据

本文论述了我国征收生态环境补偿费的必要性和理论依据、法律依据、政策依据,分析了征收生态环境补偿费的现状和存在问题,提出了建设性的意见。     

生态环境监测与生态经济学评价

探讨了荒漠生态环境监测与生态经济学之间的关系,提出荒漠生态环境监测应与生态经济学原则相结合,注意监测人类社会经济活动对生态环境的影响,并根据生态经济学中环境因素的稀缺性、综合性和反馈性等原理对人类开发利用自然资源进行正确评价。     

城市环境总体规划视野下的生态环境功能区划——以江苏省泰州市为例

以江苏省泰州市为例,确立生态环境功能与区域发展功能相互关联、协同推进的研究思路,构建表征生态环境功能贡献水平与区域发展需求相融合的评价指标体系。利用GIS空间叠加与聚类分析,分别得出3类指标、5个等级的空间地域差异评价结果,通过三维魔法矩阵分类法进行综合分区,将泰州市划分3种生态环境功能类型区,根据各类功能区现状及发展趋势,提出相应的生态保护与管控措施。     

中俄界河——黑龙江的生态保护与可持续开发探讨

国际性河流由于其地缘关系而与国家间的的政治、经济、外交等密切联系,并引起多起国际水事争端。本文以中俄界河——黑龙江为例,从水资源开发利用、水环境现状及两国经济发展的实际出发,探讨了黑龙江流域的生态环境保护与可持续开发利用问题。     

A fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) approach to eco-environmental vulnerability assessment for the danjiangkou reservoir area,China

The Danjiangkou reservoir lies in the upper Hanjiang basin and is the source of water for the Middle Route Project (MRP) under the South-to-North Water Transfer Scheme (SNWT) in China. The eco-environment of water resource areas plays an important role in water conservation and purification and would have significant implications for the economic prosperity in Hanjiang basin as well as for the SNWT. Focusing on the Danjiangkou Reservoir Area (DRA), this study established an environmental information system database. Based on the database, an eco-environmental vulnerability assessment method using integrated fuzzy AHP (FAHP) and GIS was developed for the DRA. According to eco-environmental conditions and anthropic effects, vulnerability was classified into five levels: potential, light, medium, heavy and very heavy. The eco-environmental vulnerability distribution and major problems of the eco-environment were analysed and discussed. The results indicated that eco-environmental vulnerability in the DRA was moderate overall. Regions with lower eco-environmental vulnerability were located in Qinling Mountain area in the northwest, Daba Mountain area in the south and the area immediately surrounding Danjiangkou Reservoir in the east. Two regions with very high eco-environmental vulnerability were located in the north of Danjiangkou Reservoir in Henan province and in the western part of Shanxi province. On the basis of analysis of distribution of the different factors of eco-environmental vulnerability, different environmental protection measures were proposed for different areas. This study demonstrated that the proposed method was an effective approach for the assessment of environmental vulnerability. The results gained closely reflected the reality of the eco-environmental vulnerability of the DRA.     

河北省农村城镇化对生态环境的影响及对策研究

当前河北省农村城镇化进入了快速发展的时期,由于规划不合理、传统经济增长方式制约、基础设施薄弱等原因,出现了自然资源的浪费和耗竭,以及严重的环境污染问题。因此各级政府须科学合理规划、切实推进农村城镇化,转变农村传统经济增长方式,加大对农村环境基础设施建设的资金投入,同时也要加强对农村居民生态环境保护的教育。