Transesterification of Caesalpinia eriostachys seed oil using heterogeneous and homogeneous basic catalysts

Caesalpinea eriostachys seed oil, as a source of triglycerides with potential application for biodiesel production in Mexico is introduced. Its lipid profile obtained by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed saturated and unsaturated glycerol esters as the constituents. Therefore, heterogeneous and homogeneous catalyzed transesterification reactions were assayed employing ZnAl hydrotalcites and KOH, as the catalysts, respectively. The transesterification reactions yielded 59% for Zn/Al(2), 79% for Zn/Al(4), and 90% for KOH, depicting typical behavior, as in biodiesel production data from literature, where Zn-Al hydrotalcites or KOH were assayed. The caloric, density, viscosity values, and fatty acid methyl esters profile from reaction products were concordant to EN 14214, suggesting C. eriostachys as a promising feedstock for biodiesel production.     

花生根瘤菌的生长特性和脂肪酸组成研究(英文)

用73株慢生根瘤菌B．Japonicum、B．elkanii和B．"intermedium"为对照．对22株花生根瘤菌的生长速度、产碱能力和细胞脂肪酸组成进行了测定．结果表明：花生根瘤菌属于慢生根瘤菌属（Bradyrhizobiumsp．arachis）；除花生根瘤菌含有比大豆根瘤菌（B．japonicum）较高的脂肪酸16：1w5c（16个碳原子1个双键的脂肪酸）而外，花生根瘤菌与大豆根疚菌相似，表明了他们在系统发育及进化方向上的一致性．细胞脂肪酸分析法是根瘤菌系统发育研究中一种简便而可信的方法．     

Application of biochemical fingerprinting and fatty acid methyl ester profiling to assess the effect of the pesticide Atradex on aquatic microbial communities

We investigated changes in biomass, biochemical fingerprints, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile and functional status of the natural aquatic microbial communities upon impact of an Atradex pulse. The Atradex was applied to microcosm tanks at concentrations ranging from 24.5microgL(-1) to 245mgL(-1). The biomass of all microbial communities declined to a minimum level on day 4 with the effect being more pronounced in treated groups. Similarity between microbial communities also decreased on day 4 with the greatest change occurring at a concentration of 245mgL(-1) Atradex. After 8 days exposure to Atradex, microbial communities in all treated groups (except tanks spiked with 245mgL(-1) Atradex) recovered and showed similar metabolic fingerprints and FAME profiles to those of controls. Our results indicate that exposure to an Atradex pulse at concentration above 245mgL(-1), may irreversibly change the structure and functional status of aquatic microbial communities.     

高位池养虾对土壤微生物脂肪酸和土壤酶活及其表征的土壤质量的影响

为评价高位池养虾对土壤质量的影响,通过脂肪酸分析和土壤酶活测定比较海南岛白马井镇高位池土壤与原始土壤微生物群落结构与活性的变化.结果显示,高位池土壤的pH值和盐分含量显著升高,有机质和总N显著下降(P<0.05).脂肪酸分析表明,高位池土壤中细菌、真菌、放线菌和微生物总量都显著下降(P<0.05),尤其真菌急剧下降(P<0.05),放线菌未检测到.土壤脱氢酶、脲酶和酸性磷酸酶活性在高位池土壤中也显著下降(P<0.05).总之,微生物群落结构显著变化,微生物生物量和活性在高位池土壤中都显著下降,表明长期的高位池养虾导致了土壤质量的下降.