催化裂化装置SO2污染控制技术

通过分析炼油厂硫的分布和流向,介绍催化裂化装置SO2生成及排放情况,明确了催化裂化装置SO2排放源及其分类。依据SO2排放的环保控制要求,提出催化裂化装置SO2排放控制方法:催化裂化原料加氢预处理、使用硫转移催化剂和烟气脱硫。     

Fault propagation behavior study and root cause reasoning with dynamic Bayesian network based framework

The Bhopal disaster was a gas leak incident in India, considered the world's worst industrial disaster happened around process facilities. Nowadays the process facilities in petrochemical industries have becoming increasingly large and automatic. There are many risk factors with complex relationships among them. Unfortunately, some operators have poor access to abnormal situation management experience due to the lack of knowledge. However these interdependencies are seldom accounted for in current risk and safety analyses, which also belonged to the main factor causing Bhopal tragedy. Fault propagation behavior of process system is studied in this paper, and a dynamic Bayesian network based framework for root cause reasoning is proposed to deal with abnormal situation. It will help operators to fully understand the relationships among all the risk factors, identify the causes that lead to the abnormal situations, and consider all available safety measures to cope with the situation. Examples from a case study for process facilities are included to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. It also provides a method to help us do things better in the future and to make sure that another such terrible accident never happens again.     

催化裂化装置清洁生产技术改造与措施

中国石油前郭石化分公司通过对重油催化裂化装置进行清洁生产审核,制订了包括上清污分流设施、改造分析采样方法、外排污水口上计量设施、泵体冷却水改用循环水等多项无/低费方案;以及包括MIP提升管技术改造、二再增设三机组、改造余热锅炉、新建氨气焚烧炉、新建干气、液态烃脱硫及再生装置、新建硫磺回收装置、恶臭治理等中高费方案。该方案实施后,可充分利用各种资源,提高产品质量,减少或避免各种废水、废气及污油的排放,从源头削减污染,并创造可观的环境、经济、社会效益。