全文获取类型
收费全文 | 139篇 |
免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 6篇 |
废物处理 | 3篇 |
环保管理 | 69篇 |
综合类 | 40篇 |
基础理论 | 7篇 |
污染及防治 | 3篇 |
评价与监测 | 5篇 |
社会与环境 | 11篇 |
灾害及防治 | 3篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 6篇 |
2020年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 2篇 |
2018年 | 1篇 |
2017年 | 8篇 |
2016年 | 12篇 |
2015年 | 10篇 |
2014年 | 1篇 |
2013年 | 9篇 |
2012年 | 5篇 |
2011年 | 8篇 |
2010年 | 1篇 |
2009年 | 4篇 |
2008年 | 7篇 |
2007年 | 7篇 |
2006年 | 7篇 |
2005年 | 9篇 |
2004年 | 7篇 |
2003年 | 3篇 |
2002年 | 2篇 |
2001年 | 3篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 4篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有147条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
污染治理设施是城镇基础设施的重要组成,与社会公共利益直接相关。对城镇污染治理设施的投资建设,可以为大范围的公众提供清洁的生态环境与和谐的社会环境。本文分析中国污染治理设施的公共物品属性,结合中国实际提出通过发行市政债券筹集资金进行污染治理设施建设,并在保留产权公有的前提下对污染设施实施租赁管理经营的新型融资机制。 相似文献
4.
It is a challenge to reduce the ever-increasing flow of waste. In Norway the systems for recycling of organic waste, paper, glass, metals, etc. differ between municipalities, both with regard to organizational and to technological structures. Our hypothesis is that people's attitudes and behaviour may differ with different systems of waste management. People's behaviour and attitudes regarding (organic) waste recycling were investigated in two municipalities with differing technical and organisational systems. Data came from interviews with municipal employees, questionnaires, focus groups and multi-criteria mapping. People seem to be better informed and more positive about organic waste recycling in one of the municipalities (MH, which has recycling of organic waste) than in the other (MS, which has no such recycling). The two municipalities had similar sets of important criteria for waste management (price, environmental friendliness, easy solutions, information). Many participants stated that they had learned from the group process, though only a few reported changed preferences. The institutional context seems to be important for people's behaviour and attitudes towards waste management. This implies that people's recycling behaviour does not only depend on technical and organisational aspects, but also on institutions. These are important messages for policy makers. On an individual basis, the different systems in the two municipalities seem to affect people's stated attitudes. These differences diminish when they are in a common setting where process and dialogue stimulate new thoughts and encourage people to act more altruistically. 相似文献
5.
Jessica Nihlén Fahlquist 《Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics》2009,22(2):109-124
The actions performed by individuals, as consumers and citizens, have aggregate negative consequences for the environment.
The question asked in this paper is to what extent it is reasonable to hold individuals and institutions responsible for environmental
problems. A distinction is made between backward-looking and forward-looking responsibility. Previously, individuals were
not seen as being responsible for environmental problems, but an idea that is now sometimes implicitly or explicitly embraced
in the public debate on environmental problems is that individuals are appropriate targets for blame when they perform actions
that are harmful to the environment. This idea is criticized in this paper. It is argued that instead of blaming individuals
for performing actions that are not environmentally friendly we should ascribe forward-looking responsibility to individuals,
a notion that focuses more on capacity and resources than causation and blameworthiness. Furthermore, it is important to emphasize
that a great share of forward-looking responsibility should also be ascribed to institutional agents, primarily governments
and corporations. The urge to ascribe forward-looking responsibility to institutional agents is motivated by the efficiency
aim of responsibility distributions. Simply put, if responsibility is ascribed to governments and corporations there is a
better chance of creating a society in which the opportunities to act in an environmentally friendly way increase. 相似文献
6.
This article takes its point of departure in two approaches to integrating climate change into Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA): Mitigation and adaptation, and in the fact that these, as well as the synergies between them and other policy areas, are needed as part of an integrated assessment and policy response. First, the article makes a review of how positive and negative synergies between a) climate change mitigation and adaptation and b) climate change and other environmental concerns are integrated into Danish SEA practice. Then, the article discusses the implications of not addressing synergies. Finally, the article explores institutional explanations as to why synergies are not addressed in SEA practice. A document analysis of 149 Danish SEA reports shows that only one report comprises the assessment of synergies between mitigation and adaptation, whilst 9,4% of the reports assess the synergies between climate change and other environmental concerns. The consequences of separation are both the risk of trade-offs and missed opportunities for enhancing positive synergies. In order to propose explanations for the lacking integration, the institutional background is analysed and discussed, mainly based on Scott's theory of institutions. The institutional analysis highlights a regulatory element, since the assessment of climate change synergies is underpinned by legislation, but not by guidance. This means that great focus is on normative elements such as the local interpretation of legislation and of climate change mitigation and adaptation. The analysis also focuses on how the fragmentation of the organisation in which climate change and SEA are embedded has bearings on both normative and cultural-cognitive elements. This makes the assessment of synergies challenging. The evidence gathered and presented in the article points to a need for developing the SEA process and methodology in Denmark with the aim to include climate change in the assessments in a more systematic and integrated manner. 相似文献
7.
Trends and issues in land and water resources management: Setting the agenda for change 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The classical model of a paradigm shift is used to explore changes that are occurring in public lands and water resources
management. Recent policy developments suggest that the traditional paradigm, which is characterized by sustained yield, is
in the process of being invalidated. While no new paradigm has been fully accepted, the emerging paradigm does appear to be
based on two principles: ecosystem management and collaborative decision making. Implementation of these two principles is
likely to require extensive revision of traditional management practices and institutions. Failure to address these issues
could result in adoption of the rhetoric of change without any lasting shift in management practices or professional attitudes. 相似文献
8.
Kenneth G. Maxey Norman H. Starler 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1987,23(5):749-759
ABSTRACT: In the past, development of Federal water resource projects depended heavily or exclusively on Federal financing of construction costs. However, pressures on the Federal budget, environmental issues, and the notion that there are economic efficiency gains when beneficiaries of Federal water resource projects increase their cost share are causing changes. The case of the Central Arizona Project Plan 6 is a noteworthy example of the transition to more non-Federal participation in water resource development. This is because the non-Federal financing is to be provided for a project already under construction. The negotiation and terms of the Plan 6 financing agreement between the Department of the Interior and multiple interests in Arizona are used as an example of how Federal water project cost sharing is in a state of transition. The negotiation process is described, a financial analysis is provided, and the terms of the agreement and policy issues that were deliberated in the Executive Branch of the Federal Government are discussed. 相似文献
9.
T. L. Dobbs C. E. Olson W. G. Wedemeyer G. H. Pfeiffer 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1973,9(1):129-139
ABSTRACT. A State loan program was analyzed for its effects on groundwater development in Wyoming. The analysis focused on the effects of low-interest State financing on the economic feasibility of investments in center-pivot sprinkler irrigation systems. The feasibility analysis indicated that investments in sprinkler systems for production of cash crops are highly profitable, and would frequently be carried out whether or not the State loan program were available. Investments in sprinklers for production of forage crops are perhaps frequently made attractive by the loan program. Thus, while the program appears to have accelerated the pace of private water resource development in Wyoming, it has also subsidized some investments that would have been carried out regardless of the program's existence. Further analysis indicated that sprinkler investments carried out with State financing contribute substantially to firm growth when cast crops are grown, but have less marked, and sometimes negative, effects on growth when forage crops are produced. Some positive effects of the loan program on southeast Wyoming's regional economy were noted, though a complete empirical analysis of regional impacts was beyond the scope of the study. 相似文献
10.
Jenny Sahlin Tomas Ekvall Mattias Bisaillon Johan Sundberg 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2007,51(4):827-846
A tax on waste-to-energy incineration of fossil carbon in municipal solid waste from households was introduced in Sweden on July 1, 2006. The tax has led to higher incineration gate fees. One of the main purposes with the tax is to increase the incentive for recycling of materials, including biological treatment. We investigate whether and to what extent this effect can be expected. A spreadsheet model is developed in order to estimate the net marginal cost of alternative waste treatment methods, i.e., the marginal cost of alternative treatment minus avoided cost of incineration. The value of the households’ time needed for source separation is discussed and included. The model includes the nine largest fractions, totalling 85% (weight), of the household waste currently being sent to waste incineration: food waste, newsprint, paper packaging, soft and hard plastic packaging, diapers, yard waste, other paper waste, and non-combustible waste. Our results indicate that the incineration tax will have the largest effect on biological treatment of kitchen and garden waste, which may increase by 9%. The consequences of an incineration tax depend on: (a) the level of the tax, (b) whether the tax is based on an assumed average Swedish fossil carbon content or on the measured carbon content in each incineration plant, (c) institutional factors such as the cooperation between waste incinerators, and (d) technological factors such as the availability of central sorting of waste or techniques for measurement of fossil carbon in exhaust gases, etc. Information turns out to be a key factor in transferring the governing force of the tax to the households as well improving the households’ attitudes towards material recycling. 相似文献