Opencasting — putting the environment at risk?

Opencast coalmining has been undertaken in Britain since 1942, but national policy towards its role in the energy market has fluctuated, and today there is a growing awareness of its detrimental impact on the environment. This paper explores the changing policy background since 1974 and, through an examination of recent planning appeal decisions, assesses the weight placed on the competing factors underlying the present formulation of government policy. It is submitted that at present government has failed to formulate a coherent policy in terms of land‐use and that the cost of this failure is a continued erosion of the environment.     

Generation and Quantification of Hazardous Dusts from Coal Mining in the Indian Context

The increasing trend of opencast coal mining in India tends to release huge amounts of dust. But there is no well-defined method of estimating dust emission due to different coal mining activities. This paper examines the sources of dust emission due to coal mining activities, and focuses on the quantification of dust emission with the development and use of emission factors. Because of their site-specific nature, emission factors developed for one site may not give the correct results for another site. In the present investigation, prediction equations are utilized for the development of emission factors. For the applications of this concept, one large opencast coal project of Bharat Coking Coal Ltd. (BCCL) was investigated, and the total amount of dust emitted due to different mining activities was calculated by the utilization of emission factor data, which was estimated to be 9368.2 kg/day. This paper also focuses on the significance of this study in the field of environmental protection and likely impacts of such study. The paper concludes that once the amount of dust generation is estimated, the impact on air quality can be assessed appropriately and a proper air-pollution control strategy can be developed.     

谈谈我矿露天爆破中的安全管理

对宣钢石灰石矿的爆破进行分类,根据各类爆破的不同特点实行分级安全管理,降低爆破事故.     

基于LUCC的露天矿区景观格局研究一以黑岱沟露天煤矿为例

露天矿区开发活动主要是在景观层次上进行,其直接导致土地利用／覆被变化（LandUse／Cover Change,LUCC）。本文以黑岱沟大型露天煤矿1987年、1990年、2000年及2010年4期遥感影像的土地利用数据为基础,基于GIS空间分析功能,以破碎度、分离度和优势度景观格局指数和景观类型脆弱度为指标,分析景观格局现状。研究显示：开发初期,耕地和草地虽有所减少,但所占面积保持在80％以上;生态恢复开始后,土地类型向林地和草地转移的面积逐渐增多。景观水平上分析显示,景观上破碎化程度加大,煤矿建设用地斑块面积逐年增大。从景观指数看,耕地、草地、未利用地的破碎度、分离度指数变化呈上升或不稳定状态,建设用地的破碎度和分离度指数有所减小;优势景观类型有所改变,建设用地对于区域景观的控制作用逐渐加强。     

露天矿开采对区域生态完整性的影响研究—田家沟矿区钛磁铁矿为例

在介绍生态完整性的概念及其度量方法的基础上,以湖北省丹江口市田家沟矿区钛磁铁矿为例,从自然体系生产力、景观生态体系质量与生态系统脆弱性3个方面,阐述了露天矿开采对区域生态完整性产生的影响。结果表明：区域生物生产力的变化仅局限于项目区内;作为模地的林地优势度值从84．64％降低到80．15％,下降的幅度较小,恢复稳定性和阻抗稳定性变化也不大;各植被群落的脆弱性均属于轻微脆弱,在受到人为干扰时,森林生态系统具有稳定性和可恢复性。因此工程建设对区域生态完整性的影响在可承受的范围之内。