The Thermal Discharges From Nuclear Power Plants in Taiwan

The increasing use of sea water for industrial cooling presents a real threat to the ecological environment in the ocean. in Taiwan where many electric power plants along the coast take sea water for cooling, people are concerned seriously about nuclear power plants. There are three nuclear power plants in Taiwan. Each plant has two units for generating power. the first two are located along the northern coast of Taiwan. the third is located in Kenting National Park along the coast of southernmost Taiwan. the plants take sea water for cooling, and discharge their heated effluents to the ocean surface from the coast. the thermal effluents have variable effects on the ecological environment near the plants. Fishermen living near the power plants complain that the heated water affects the inshore fishery catch. in addition, the thermal water from the second plant is easily accumulated near the coastal zone to influence the nearby swimming area in the summer-time. the thermal water from the third plant bleaches or kills some corals in shallow water near the outlet, and this conflicts with the interests of Kenting National Park.     

滨州沿海湿地生物多样性保护探讨

重点研究了该区域海洋生物多样性、淡水生物多样性、陆生和海岛等高等植物多样性、陆栖动物多样性与特点。分析了其破坏现状及原因，提出了生物多样性保护对策和可持续利用途径。     

长江口滨岸潮滩沉积物中磷的环境地球化学特征

研究了长江口滨岸潮滩表层沉积物中磷的分布、形态等环境地球化学特征。结果表明该地区表层沉积物中磷的含量水平在18．0-31．4μmol/g之间，最大值出现在浦东白龙港污水排放口附近，长江口滨岸潮滩沉积物中磷的分布呈现明显的空间和季节性变化规律，这主要与潮滩不同地段磷的来源、沉积物质地的差异，以及水动力、环境介质条件和生物作用的时空变化密切相关。此外，沉积物中磷的形态分级研究表明大部分沉积磷以无机磷形式存在，其中无机磷又以钙结合磷为主；有机磷比例较少。其次，潮滩沉积物表层上覆水中可溶磷的浓度一般都大于沉积物间隙水，沉积物-水界面中磷主要以累积作用过程为主。     

胶州湾潮间带和沿岸区硫酸盐还原菌含量分布

用 Ｍ Ｐ Ｎ 法对胶州湾潮间带和沿岸区的硫酸盐还原菌（ 缩写为 Ｓ Ｒ Ｂ） 含量作了研究，结果表明表层沉积物的 Ｓ Ｒ Ｂ 含量大约是４１ ×１０７ 个细胞／ｇ ，波动范围较大。水中的 Ｓ Ｒ Ｂ 含量约２５ ×１０２／ｍｌ。分析了 Ｓ Ｒ Ｂ 含量的分布状况，发现调查区内的 Ｓ Ｒ Ｂ 含量基本上呈现出北高南低、西高东低之势，即工业区、港口区的高于海水浴场、海滨旅游区的。证实了生活废弃物的排放致其环境 Ｓ Ｒ Ｂ 含量特高。 Ｓ Ｒ Ｂ 含量分布状况大体上与以往所测环境污染状况一致。对虾养殖池的 Ｓ Ｒ Ｂ 含量意味着水产养殖必须考虑这一因子的作用     

福建省海岸带土壤环境背景值研究及其应用

本文采用《福建省土壤环境背景值研究》课题的有关资料，研究福建省海岸带土壤主要元素背景值，讨论其主要影响因素，并应用来对福建省海岸带陆地土壤质量进行评价。     

中国红树林湿地资源及其保护

红树林是我国海岸湿地类型之一，自然分布于海南、广西、广东、福建、台湾等省区。现有面积约1．5万hm^2，包括26种真红树，11种半红树。中国红树林湿地直接经济价值不高，而防浪护岩、维持海岸生物多样性和渔业资源、净化水质、美化环境等生态环境功能显，属于特别容易被价值低估的海岩生态关键区。1960年代以来的毁林转海造田或盐田，毁林围塘养殖，毁林围海搞城市建设等人类不合理开发活动，使红树林面积剧减，环境恶化，红树林湿地资源濒危，急需加强管理和保护。现已建成各级红树林自然保护区18个，还需要吸收科学家积极参与，加强科学研究和宣传教育，以尽快扭转退化趋势，实现红树林湿地生态系统的恢复和可持续发展。     

中国东南沿海中生代火山作用基本特征

中国东南沿海自晚侏罗世到白垩纪火山活动分为二期、四个旋回,在空间上有迁移性,在时间上与侵入活动呈交替式演变。建立火山碎屑流等五种岩相模式,岩浆爆发占主导地位,同时存在蒸气岩浆爆发。确定破火山口、火山穹隆和锥火山为火山构造基本类型。由火山作用与区域构造作用、沉积作用控制形成火山沉积洼地、火山构造洼地和火山构造隆起。提出不同类型火山构造组合形式和相互演化关系。火山岩系列属高钾钙碱系列,晚期则具双模式性质。它们的地球化学型式兼具大陆边缘和大陆板内双重特性。     

Influence of new town development on the urban heat island - The case of the Bundang area

Five new towns have been developed around the Seoul metropolitan area since 1996. However, these new towns generate lots of traffic and related problems in the areas including those new towns and Seoul as a result of increases in population and a lack of ecological-self-sufficiency. Currently, construction of another new town is under deliberation, and what should be a major consider is the notion that the new town be located within a wide, green zone. Many studies have revealed that green space can play an important role in improving urban eco-meteorological capability and air quality. In order to analyze the urban heat island which will be created by the new urban development, and to investigate the local thermal environment and its negative effects caused by a change of land use type and urbanization, Landsat TM images were used for extraction of urban surface temperature according to changes of land use over the last 15 years. These data are analyzed together with digital land use and topographic information. As a study result, it was found the urban heat island of the study area from 198.5 to 1999 rapidly developed which showed a difference of mean temperature above 2.0. Before the Bundang new town construction the temperature of the residential area was the same as a forest, but during the new town construction in 1991 analysis revealed the creation of an urban heat island. The temperature of a forest whose size is over 50% of the investigation area was lowest, and thus the presence of a forest is believed to have a direct cooling effect on the urban environment and its surroundings. The mean temperature of the residential and commercial areas in the study was found to be 4.5 higher than the forest, and therefore this part of land use is believed to be the main factor causing the temperature increase of the urban heat island.     

南太平洋社会群岛塔希提岛(TAHITI)火山岩——一种典型的大洋岛屿玄武岩

塔希提岛火山岩属典型的大洋岛屿玄武岩(OIB)。该岛是法属波利尼西亚群岛中社会群岛链之一部分,火山活动可分三期:早期(1.7—1.3Ma),中期(1.3—0.6Ma)和晚期(0.6—0.3Ma)。早期火山岩兼有碱性和拉斑系列岩石,包括苦橄玄武岩、碱性玄武岩、拉斑玄武岩及少量玄武安山岩;中期火山岩主要有粗面玄武岩—粗面岩、碱性玄武岩和少量碧玄岩;晚期则以碧玄岩为主,并有部分碱玄岩出现。火山岩的这种岩性变化表明其岩浆由早到晚从富镁、硅弱不饱和向富碱和硅强烈不饱和演化。 社会群岛火山链的火山活动以平均11cm/a的速率从西北向东南迁移,与MORB相比,所有塔希提的岩石皆富大离子亲石元素并有较高的~(87)Sr/~(66)Sr比值,这一特征可能与其特殊的源区成分有关,即富集的地幔热柱或大洋岩石圈。早期岩石是地幔热柱和少量洋壳的部分熔融产物的混合体,故既有拉斑系列又有碱性系列。随着火山活动远离存在热柱的热点区域,洋壳部分熔融的程度逐渐降低,因而其产生的熔融体也越来越富碱,~(87)Sr/~(66)Sr比值也相应有所降低。     

崇明岛生态建设与环境保护规划研究

根据上海市城市总体规划，结合崇明岛实际情况，研究其发展过程中生态保护与经济发展的相互关系。提出崇明岛生态建设与环境保护的规划原则与规划目标，生态功能区划方案，人居环境建设方案，生态产业建设方案，环境污染防治规划方案，生态景观建设方案等。指出只有将生态效益和经济效益和经济效益协调统一发展，才能把崇明岛建成生态型岛屿。