均压防灭火定量分析技术研究及其应用

均压是防治煤矿自然发火的主要措施之一。针对均压应用中的定性分析方法及两点式均压方法的不足,提出了均压防灭火定量分析技术并开发了与采空区相连两个工作面间均压的计算机摸拟计算程序。阐述了程序均压原理、内容及应用实例。这项技术具有创新性和应用推广价值,可以提高均压防灭火技术应用的经济性和安全性     

Personal desires of patients and social obligations of geneticists: applying preimplantation genetic diagnosis for non-medical sex selection

The arguments against the use of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for non-medical sex selection are analysed. It is concluded that the distinction between medical and non-medical reasons is difficult to maintain, that the disproportionality of means and end is not a decisive counterargument and that the fear of damage to the reputation of PGD does not justify the refusal of controversial applications. Moreover, since non-medical sex selection does not belong to basic health care, it should not be equally accessible to all. The position defended in this article is founded on two basic principles: (1) medical reasons have priority on non-medical reasons, and (2) personal reasons do not qualify for public funding. In order to respect both principles, it is proposed that restrictions should be installed to control the number of requests for social sexing and that a tax should be imposed on these elective services. The tax should compensate the society for the investment it made in the training and education of the physician. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

总程平衡治理技术处理饮料废水工艺

对可乐废水采用总程平衡治理技术,经调查、试验与计算,对废水实行动态的分流．将占总水量不足２％ 的浓废水进行厌氧处理,去除占ＣＯＤ总量７０％ 以上的污染物,使好氧处理负荷降低．根据费用计算中所作假设,在其它条件不变的情况下,总程平衡治理工艺吨水处理能耗可比常规好氧治理工艺节省４８％ ．     

时间困境与社会舆论权威——环境管理的权威结构制衡研究

环境资源的稀缺性已经使环境资源配置日益成为引发社会问题的主要变量之一.具有(准)公共物品属性的环境资源配置不合理引发的"公地悲剧"表现在时间轴上即为"时间困境".因为激励机制不足和成本过高等,靠市场机制的产权明晰和政府的强制管理并不能有效的解决环境资源配置的"时间困境".相反,在经济高速发展态势下,目标趋同的政府和企业会在某种程度上形成联合,造成现行环境管理权威结构的失衡.由公众自发形成的社会舆论在合法性前提下,有着解除"时间困境"的内在动因和成本优势,可以发展成为环境资源配置过程的有力的监督要素.要实现环境管理权威结构的内在制衡,还需要从公众内在自觉、外在制度,以及知识协助等三方面对内外环境进行创设.     

锂离子电池组分层主动均衡研究

目的 针对实际装备中使用的串联锂离子电池组的不一致性问题,提出一种基于Buck-Boost电路和反激式变压器均衡电路的分层主动均衡构架.方法 以荷电状态(SOC)作为均衡标准,制定均衡策略,建立锂离子电池二阶等效电路模型以及开路电压(OCV)特性曲线来进行参数辨识与SOC估计.实现电池组内相邻电池单体间的能量转移以及电池组间任意模组到整体的能量双向传递.最后在Matlab/Simulink中搭建均衡模型进行仿真验证.结果 分层主动均衡构架相比传统单一相邻电池均衡构架具有更好的均衡结果,其均衡效果提升了43.04％,均衡时间缩短了24.4％,均衡效率提高了12.61％.结论 该分层主动均衡构架充分发挥了两种主动均衡的优点,改善了电池组的不一致性问题,并提高了整个电池组的充放电容量.     

利用气相平衡管原理控制有机污染物的无组织排放

挥发性有机物的无组织排放是一个难以控制的污染源,在常温常压下的一些有机物储罐可采用气相平衡原理设置气相平衡管,使呼吸尾气形成闭路循环,利用罐体进、出料过程中内压变化特点,使得逸出的气相有机物在闭路中循环,实例证明,该方法对控制有机物元组织排放有着很好的效果,且该方法;简单易行,适合条件适宜的单位使用。     

Value Pluralism And Coherentist Justification of Ethical Advice

Liberal societies are characterized by respect for a fundamental value pluralism; i.e., respect for individuals’ rights to live by their own conception of the good. Still, the state must make decisions that privilege some values at the cost of others. When public ethics committees give substantial ethical advice on policy related issues, it is therefore important that this advice is well justified. The use of explicit tools for ethical assessment can contribute to justifying advice. In this article, I will discuss one approach to ethical assessment, the ethical matrix method. This method is a variant of intuitionist balancing. Intuitionism is characterized by stressing the existence of several (at least two) fundamental prima facie moral principles, between which there is no given rank order. For some intuitionist approaches, coherentism has been proposed as a model of justification. This article will discuss justification of ethical advice and evaluate the appropriateness of coherentism as a justificatory approach to intuitionist tools.     

秦皇岛港开发利用油轮压舱水除尘的研究

介绍了油轮舱水中氯化物分布状况，专题研究了利用含氯化物水质用于港口除尘的可行性，通过对大同煤，神华煤和平朔煤的煤质分析，探讨了煤中氯化物对煤炭质量影响的情况。     

基于直觉模糊距离法的堰塞湖减灾方案选优

针对堰塞湖减灾群决策信息的不确定性与模糊性,为解决不完全信息条件下属性指标及专家之间存在的相互关联群决策问题,综合运用直觉模糊集理论、海明距离原理和熵权理论,将直觉模糊距离群决策方法运用到堰塞湖减灾决策过程中。工程实例研究表明,运用直觉模糊距离法决策出的最优方案具有较高的区分度和敏感性,增强了决策的客观性、科学性,能为堰塞湖减灾决策提供更为可靠的依据,具有较强的实用价值。