能源利用中烃类气体检测技术研究进展

烃类气体作为地表油气地球化学勘查地下油气藏的直接指标,以及钻井液检测中指导钻井作业的重要因素,在挥发性烃类污染控制中也发挥着重要作用。通过对各类烃类气体检测技术现状和应用情况进行分析与整理,为该类技术针对不同目标的选择与组合提供了依据。     

综合环境可靠性试验中加速度传感器灵敏度的修正

在综合环境可靠性试验中,加速度传感器的灵敏度会随不同的试验温度产生确定的、可逆的变化,而灵敏度的变化会导致振动控制系统产生系统误差.通过在不同温度下对传感器灵敏度的校准,获得了几种传感器灵敏度的温度变化特性,并提出了通过对变换器设置的传感器灵敏度进行修正,消除试验环境温度引起的系统误差的方法.     

摩擦压力机打击力的测量误差分析

对摩擦压力机打击力测量不准确的现象进行了试验验证 ,并从理论上分析了摩擦压力机打击力测量误差产生的原因 ,探讨了摩擦压力机滑块初速度、工件质量和刚度以及测力传感器质量和刚度对摩擦压力机打击力测量误差的影响。     

A DIGITAL CONTROLLER FOR DISCRETE STAGE ACTIVATION OF AUTOMATIC PUMPING SAMPLERS1

ABSTRACT: An electronic controller was developed to facilitate water sampling at discrete stage heights in perennial mountain streams of southeast Oklahoma. The controller operates in conjunction with an automatic pumping sampler and a magnetic, relay transducer. In response to changes in stage, the transducer generates an electrical pulse when relays are closed by a magnetic float. The controller monitors these relay closures and signals the sampler to pump a single sample at each desired water level during both rising and falling stages. After a sample is taken, additional switch closures at that stage axe ignored until the relay immediately above or below is closed. Inadvertent switch closures caused by turbulent stage fluctuations are not translated to the sampler thus eliminating duplicate or multiple samples at a given stage. Field testing has proven this device to be a reliable component with a range of applications for improving water quality sampling systems. The controller features battery operation, low power consumption, circuit simplicity and can be easily constructed for less than $100, including parts and labor.     

平面波导型荧光免疫传感器的研究

研究开发了一种光学免疫传感器——平面波导型荧光免疫传感器系统,建立了传感基片的化学修饰和配基固定化方法,并应用该系统检测了环境小分子污染物2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D).结果表明,检测系统对荧光标记抗体的检测限达到0.01μg/mL.传感基片基本不对蛋白质产生非特异性吸附,而对目标污染物抗体具有很强的特异性响应,采用pH1.9、2mg/mL的胃蛋白酶溶液作为活化剂活化传感基片时,基片连续测定20个周期后性能没有明显下降,具有良好的稳定性.在间接竞争免疫检测模式下得到了检测2,4-D的标准曲线,曲线符合Logistic方程.2,4-D的检测下限为2.0μg/L,定量检测区间为5.0～3000μg/L,满足饮用水中2,4-D的检测要求.     

环境风洞中动态风速的控制系统

提出了一种基于组态王6 0平台的环境风洞动态风速控制系统的调控方法。使用RS2 32 RS4 85接口和Modbus通讯协议,实现了“组态王”平台与ACS4 0 0变频器间的连接和通讯,通过变频器完成对风洞动力系统的控制,完成了微机监控下环境风洞中正弦型风谱的模拟。为进一步研究各种典型阵风风谱的模拟,提供了研究基础和有效手段。     

Ergonomic design and evaluation of a diagnostic ultrasound transducer holder

Background. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are injuries and disorders that affect the body’s movement and musculoskeletal system. Awkward postures represent one of the major ergonomic risk factors that cause WMSDs among sonographers while working with an ultrasound transducer. This study aimed to design and evaluate a new holder for the ultrasound transducer. Materials and methods. In the first phase a new holder was designed for the transducer, considering design principles. Evaluation of the new holder was then carried out by electrogoniometry and a locally perceived discomfort (LPD) scale. Results. The application of design principles to the new holder resulted in an improvement of wrist posture and comfort. Wrist angles in extension, flexion, radial deviation and ulnar deviation were lower with utilization of the new holder. The severity of discomfort based on the LPD method in the two modes of work with and without the new holder was reported with values of 1.3 and 1.8, respectively (p?<?0.05). Conclusion. Overall, this study indicated that applying ergonomics design principles was effective in minimizing wrist deviation and increasing comfort while working with the new holder.     

矿井风速故障源诊断及角联结构传感器布设

煤矿井下监控系统测量的风速数据并不能用来判断故障源位置,只能反映风速传感器所在巷道的风量变化情况。引起井下风速变化的原因很多,如巷道冒落、巷道堵塞、巷道变形等,从整个通风网络角度考虑,都可以归结为分支的风阻发生变化。由于井下通风网络中任一分支风阻的变化都可能引起自身及其他相关分支风量变化。提出用逐步线性回归分析法,确定引起通风系统风速传感器报警的分支集合。建立了逐步线性回归分析的通风系统故障源诊断数学模型。通过具体实例给出了风速传感器安设在不同位置下,可能引起此分支风速超限的故障巷道集合的结果。分析了关联分支的风阻变化对角联分支的影响,从而确定选择那些对角联分支影响大且自身风量容易发生变化的巷道安设风速传感器。     

使用变频器、软启动器与缓闭止回阀相结合的办法消除停泵水锤

根据某自来水厂水泵运行中出现的水锤问题,对取水泵房、送水泵房、反冲洗泵房出现的水锤问题进行了分析、试验,针对不同的情况,通过使用变频器、软启动器与缓闭止回阀相结合的办法,减小或消除了停泵水锤。     

振动传感器在强噪声环境下的响应输出分析

目的考察强噪声场下振动传感器的性能。方法采用GJB 150.17—86对振动传感器进行噪声鉴定试验,并分析传感器在噪声场中的响应输出,对比试验前后的传感器性能指标。结果振动传感器经过强噪声场试验后的性能正常,振动传感器在强噪声场中的响应相对较小,单项振动试验中的噪声场不会影响振动传感器的测试结果。结论该传感器可以完成振动监测工作。