SNOX烟气双脱新工艺

SNOX双脱新工艺是利用催化反应将NO_x、转化成氮气、将SO_2、转化成浓硫酸产品,并较充分地利用余热,是干式、节能型、较好地利用硫资源的方法,在欧、美引起相当的重视。本文按1992年4月发表的300MW全尺寸大型装置运行情况的报导编写。     

酚类雌激素酶催化降解性的QSAR分析

以分子电性距离矢量(MEDV-13)和原子类型电拓扑状态指数(ETSI)2种分子结构描述符,分别有效表征了15个酚类雌性激素的分子结构,应用基于预测的变量选择与模型化(VSMP)方法分别建立了该类化合物经辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)催化氧化的速率常数(InkCAT)与分子结构的定量相关模型.以MEDV-13为分子描述符建立的模型显示:影响去除效果的主要结构因素是由5个MEDV描述子表达的5个子结构碎片,即-CH3、-CH2、-O-、-OH和-cCc,以ETSI为分子描述符所建模型表明:影响该反应速率的主要结构因素是由5个ETSI描述子对应的5个子结构碎片,即-CH3、-CH2、-O-、-OH和>C<.所建模型的估计相关系数分别为0.92和0.93,LOO检验相关系数分别为0.84和0.85,表明2种模型均具有良好的估计能力与稳健性,以上结果说明.虽然酚类雌激素的种类、结构多样,但决定其HRP酶催化去除效果的关键结构因素是酚环上所有取代基整体给电子能力的强弱.     

Degradation of H-acid in aqueous solution by microwave assisted wet air oxidation using Ni-loaded GAC as catalyst

A novel process, microwave assisted catalytic wet air oxidation( MW-CWO), was applied for the degradation of H-acid( l-amino8-naphthol-3, 6-disulfonic acid) in aqueous solution, Ni-loaded granular activated carbon (GAC), prepared by immersion-calcination method, was used as catalyst. The results showed that the MW-CWO process was very effective for the degradation of H-acid in aqueous solution under atmospheric pressure with 87.4% TOC (total organic carbon) reduction in 20 min. Ni on GAC existed in the form of NiO as specified by XRD. Loss of Ni was significant in the initial stage, and then remained almost constant after 20 min reaction. BET surface area results showed that the surface property of GAC after MW-CWO process was superior to that of blank GAC.     

有机废气催化燃烧技术

对催化燃烧处理有机废气的基本原理、特点及经济性，以及催化剂、动力学和工艺流程等研究进展进行综述。     

Preparation and characterization of Fe2O3-CeO2-TiO2/γ-Al2O3 catalyst for degradation dye wastewater

In order to develop a catalyst with high activity for catalytic wet oxidation （CWO） process at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, Fe2O3-CeO2-TiO2/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was prepared by consecutive impregnation method and the prepared parameters were optimized. The structure of the catalyst was characterized by BET, XRF, SEM and XPS technologies, and the actual wastewater was used to investigate the catalytic activity of Fe2O3-CeO2-TiO2/γ-Al2O3 in CWO process. The experimental results showed that the prepared catalyst exhibited good catalytic activity when the doping amount of Ti was 1.0 wt% （the weight ratio of Ti to carriers）, and the middle product, Fe2O3-CeO2-TiO2/γ-Al2O3, was calcined in 450℃ for 2 h. The CWO experiment for treating actual dye wastewater indicated that the COD, color and TOC of actual wastewater were decreased by 62.23%, 50.12% and 41.26% in 3 h, respectively, and the ratio of BOD5/COD was increased from 0.19 to 0.30.     

阴极电场对楔形缝隙内的屏蔽作用

埋地管道的杂散电流干扰是威胁管道安全的严重问题.为模拟在阴极电场中开裂涂层下管线表面的化学和电化学状况,本文设计了一种模拟涂覆层开裂起翘的楔形缝隙装置,研究了缝口控制电位分别为-776mVSCE和-950mVSCE时的阴极电场中,X-42钢在NS4溶液中楔形缝隙内电位、溶液Cl-离子浓度、Ph值的分布;并比较了相同缝口控制电位下阴极极化状态时,三种参数的分布.结果表明,当缝外有阴极电场时,缝内试片与阴极极化时一样受到电力线分布的影响,但各试片的电极电位远远高于外加阴极极化时的电极电位,Ph值也明显低于外加阴极极化时的情况:阴极电场对本体溶液中的氯离子产生了屏蔽作用,使得溶液中的氯离子很难迁移进缝内,所以越深入缝隙,氯离子浓度越小,变化也越不明显;缝外阴极电场的屏蔽作用在一定程度上抑制了缝隙内自催化反应的进行,达到了一定的保护效果.     

患红体病的凡纳滨对虾外壳膜NAGase基本性质的改变

分别以健康和患红体病的凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vanname)外壳膜为材料,抽提其N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(EC 3.2.1.52,简称NAGase),测定分析两种来源对虾的外壳膜NAGase的活力和性质的差异.测得健康对虾NAGase的活力为 34.80 U mg-1,而患红体病对虾的活力为 38.32 U mg-1.结果表明:两种来源对虾的NAGase活力、基本酶学性质等均存在差异.表明对虾患红体病后,外壳膜NAGase的活力、催化反应动力学常数Km和Vm值、活化能均较高,但其最适温度较低, pH稳定性及热稳定性较差.     

水泥基材料负载纳米TiO2光催化反应动力学模型研究

针对路面水泥基材料负载纳米TiO2光催化氧化汽车尾气中的氮氧化物,研究了路面水泥基材料负载纳米TiO2光催化氧化汽车尾气中的氮氧化物的氧化反应速率所遵循的规律.通过Mear标准分析、试验验证和试验数据拟合,结果表明,水泥基材料负载纳米TiO2光催化氧化NO2整个过程的反应速率由表面反应过程控制,且其反应速率遵循L H动力学模型和一级反应动力学模型.     

Catalytic wet air oxidation for the treatment of emulsifying wastewater

The wet air oxidation (WAO) and catalytic WAO(CWAO) of the high strength emulsifying wastewater containing nonionic surfactants have been investigated in terms of COD and TOC removal. The WAO and homogeneous CWAO processes were carried out at the temperature from 433 K to 513 K, with initial oxygen pressure 1.2 MPa. It was found that homogeneous catalyst copper(Cu(NO3)2) had an fairly good catalytic activity for the WAO process, and the oxidation was catalyzed when the temperature was higher than 473K. Moreover, several heterogeneous catalysts were proved to be effective for the WAO process. At the temperature 473 K, after 2h reaction, WAO process could achieve about 75% COD removal and 66% TOC removal, while catalysts Cu/Al2O3 and Mn-Ce/Al2O3 elevated the COD removal up to 86%-89% and that of TOC up to 82%. However, complete elimination of COD and TOC was proved to be difficult even the best non-noble catalyst was used. Therefore, the effluent from WAO or CWAO process need to be further disposed. The bioassay proved that the effluent from WAO process was amenable to the biochemical method.