A numerical study of summer ozone concentration over the Kanto area of Japan using the MM5/CMAQ model

We assessed the ability of the MM5/CMAQ model to predict ozone (O3) air quality over the Kanto area and to investigate the factors that a ect simulation of O3. We find that the coupled MM5/CMAQ model is a useful tool for the analysis of urban environmental problems. The simulation results were compared with observational data and were found to accurately replicate most of the important observed characteristics. The initial and boundary conditions were found to have a significant e ect on simulated O3 concentrations. The results show that on hot and dry days with high O3 concentration, the CMAQ model provides a poor simulation of O3 maxima when using initial and boundary conditions derived from the CMAQ default data. The simulation of peak O3 concentrations is improved with the JCAP initial and boundary conditions. On mild days, the default CMAQ initial and boundary conditions provide a more realistic simulation. Meteorological conditions also have a strong impact on the simulated distribution and accumulation of O3 concentrations in this area. Low O3 concentrations are simulated during mild weather conditions, and high concentrations are predicted during hot and dry weather. By investigating the e ects of di erent meteorological conditions on each model process, we find that advection and di usion di er the most between the two meteorological regimes. Thus, di erences in the winds that govern the transport of O3 and its precursors are likely the most important meteorological drivers of ozone concentration over the central Kanto area.     

防震减灾无小事 责任使命大如天——沈阳市防震减灾工作掠影

沈阳位于中国东北地区南部,是东北地区最大的中心城市,有“东方鲁尔”“共和国第一长子”的美誉.沈阳地处东北亚经济圈和环渤海经济圈的中心,是正在建设中的沈阳经济区（沈阳都市圈）的核心城市,工业门类齐全,是长三角、珠三角、京津冀地区通往关东地区的综合枢纽城市,具有重要的战略地位.     

日本：希望LED灯降低照明用电率在节电领域发挥作用

据《日本经济新闻》日前报道．受3月11日东日本大地震的影响．日本关东地区及东北地区面临严重的电力不足问题。福岛第一核电站停用所带来的不仅是对新的发电设备的需求．