低剂量~（147）Pm对免疫细胞的刺激增殖效应

探讨了低剂量~（１４７）Ｐｍ内照射时，引起中枢和外周免疫细胞的刺激增殖效应。（１４７）~Ｐｍ的体内滞留过程，用最小二乘法拟合滞留方程为：Ｒ（ｔ）＝０．１９９ｅ０（－０．１４５２ｔ）＋０．８１２ｅ（－０．０００８ｔ）。可见包括快、慢两个不同半滞留期，快组分Ｔ１＝４．７７天，慢组分Ｔ２＝８６６．３天。当机体摄人（１４７）~ｐｍ０．１８５～０．７４ｋＢｑ／ｇ，即吸收剂量为０．２２３－０．８８２ｃＧｙ时，可使中枢免疫器官骨髓和胸腺细胞的３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入率显著增升；而摄入（１４７）~ｐｍ０．１８５ｋＢｑ／ｇ，即吸收剂量为０．２２３ｃＧｙ时，可刺激外周免疫器官脾Ｔ、Ｂ淋巴细胞转化过程，增强增殖。     

汉江下游突发“水华”的调查研究

对１９９２年春汉江下游水体暴发“水华”进行了调查研究，对“水华”的特征，产生的原因以及对策，建议等进行了分析、探讨。结果表明，其直接原因是以小环藻为主的硅藻的急剧增殖造成的。     

稀土作业者外周血淋巴细胞姊妹染色单体互换的观察

本文报告了 5 0例稀土作业工人外周血淋巴细胞姊妹染色单体互换 (SCE)的观察结果 ,其 SCE频率为 5 .49± 1.2 1(SCE/ cell,X SE) ,与 2 0例对照组相比 ,差异显莉 (P<0 .0 1)。随工令的延长 ,SCE频率为增高的趋势 ,但各工令组之间 ,经统计学处理 ,差异不显著 (P<0 .0 5 )。男工 SCE率高于女工 ,这可能与男工吸烟人数多于女工有前。我们认为 :SCE可作为稀土作业人员早期危害观察指标     

水库水氯化消毒副产物毒性研究

为了证实水库出水的氯化消毒副产物CHClBr2和CHBr3具有一定的遗传毒性,将水库出水进行浓缩富集研究其对小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞DNA的影响。同时分别与水库枯水期和丰水期出水的小鼠彗星实验结果进行了对比,发现氯化消毒副产物CHClBr2和CHBr3的DNA损伤效应同时高于两个水期的出厂水。     

水产种质资源保护区适应性管理研究

针对我国水产种质资源保护区在现行管理模式下普遍存在的资源难以恢复、保护效果不明显等问题,基于生态系统管理的理念,借鉴国内外有关自然保护区适应性管理研究实践经验,探索水产种质资源保护区的适应性管理。水产种质资源保护区的适应性管理可分为模式建立和反馈两个阶段,包括问题识别、目标制定、方案设计与实施、动态监测、绩效评估、反馈与调整等过程,以全面提升保护区对外界环境变化的不确定性和复杂性的快速反应能力。并以福建长乐西施舌资源增殖保护区为例,分析该保护区的管理现状,探索适应性管理模式的构建与应用。     

Immunotoxicity of bisphenol a to Carassius auratus Lymphocytes and macrophages following in vitro exposure

Bisphenol A （BPA） is the monomer component of polycarbonate plastics and classified as an endocrine disrupting chemical （EDC）. The reproductive toxicity of BPA has been extensively studied in mammals; however, relatively little information is available on the immunotoxic responses of fish to BPA. In this study, we investigated the effects of BPA on the immune functions of lymphocytes and macrophages in Carassius auratus. The effects of BPA were compared with those of two natural steroid hormones, estradiol and hydrocortisone. Proliferation of the two types of cells in response to PHA was measured using colorimetric MTT assay. Macrophage respiratory burst stimulated by Con A was measured using chemiluminescence assay. Results showed that BPA （0.054-5.4 mg/L）, estradiol （0.0002-2.0 mg/L） and hydrocortisone （5-50 mg/L） significantly induced Carassius auratus lymphocyte proliferation while higher doses of hydrocortisone （500-5000 mg/L） appeared to be inhibitory. BPA （0.005-50 mg/L）, estradiol （0.005-800 mg/L） and hydrocortisone （0.005-500 mg/L） markedly enhanced macrophage proliferation, whereas higher doses of BPA （500-1000 mg/L） appeared to inhibit cell proliferation. Furthermore, higher dosage of BPA （50 mg/L） and hydrocortisone （50 and 500 mg/L） suppressed the macrophages respiratory burst while estradiol is stimulative all the doses tested （0.05-500 mg/L）. In conclusion, BPA could have immunotoxicity to Carassius auratus and functional changes of lymphocyte and macrophage in Carassius auratus may be different between low and high dosages.     

Biological control experiment of excess propagation of Cyclops for drinking water security

Cyclops of zooplankton propagated excessively in eutrophic water body and could not be effectively inactivated by the conventional disinfections process like chlorination due to its stronger resistance to oxidation. In this study, an ecological project was put forward for the excess propagation control of Cyclops by stocking the filter-feeding fishes such as silver carp and bighead carp under the condition of no extraneous nutrient feeding. The results of experiments with different stocking biomass showed that the propagation of Cyclops could be controlled effectively, and the water quality was improved simultaneously by impacting on nutriment level and plankton community structure at proper stocking density of 30 g/m^3 of water. The growth of Cyclops may not be effectually controlled with lower biomass of fish （10 g）, and the natural food chain relation may be destroyed for Cyclops dying out in water while the intense stocking of 120 g per cubic meter of water. In addition, the high predator pressure may accelerate supplemental rate of nutrients from bottom sediments to water body to add the content of total nitrogen and phosphorus in water.     

缤纷资讯

国际资讯乙醇燃料冬季不环保乙醇汽油被认为是可取代传统汽油的清洁燃料。但美国斯坦福大学最新公布的一项研究成果显示,乙醇汽油燃烧所产生的臭氧比普通汽油要多,     

东北Shi蛄资源及其开发利用

东北Ｓｈｉ蛄是世界淡水螯虾的一种，在我国仅产于黑龙江流域，是风味独特的水产珍品，但未被人们重视。本文根据近年来的部分研究成果，初步报道了东北Ｓｈｉ蛄资源现状生物学，特性及其经济价值，并提出开发利用途径。