直链烷基甲苯磺酸盐和直链烷基苯磺酸盐的初级生物降解

直链烷基苯磺酸盐(LABS)是合成洗涤剂工业用途最广的原料.含有直链烷基苯成分的阴离子洗涤剂具有大的分子体积,它也被用于提高油的回收.由支链十二烷基苯改为直链烷基苯生产合成洗涤剂,主要是由于直链烷基容易被生物所降解.近年来,人们试图用甲苯代替苯分子来合成直链烷基甲苯,这是由于苯和甲苯在价格上的差异,使人们对用甲苯代替苯作为原料产生了兴趣;从环境保护的角度考虑,对甲     

用滚筒焚烧工艺处理高浓度有机废水

论述了一种处理高浓度有机废水的新工艺——滚筒焚烧处理工艺形成过程，并获得了处理江西德兴市异VC钠有限公司生产产生的高浓度有机废水(CODcr40—50万mg／L)的工艺参数和技术经济指标。     

Water solubility enhancements of PAHs by sodium castor oil sulfonate microemulsions

Water solubility enhancements of naphthalene( Naph), phenantherene(Phen) and pyrene(Py) in sodium castor oil sulfonate(SCOS) microemulsions were evaluated. The apparent solubilities of PAHs are linearly propertional to the concentrations of SCOS microemulsion, and the enhancement extent by SCOS solutions is greater than that by ordinary surfactants on the basis of weight solubilization ratio(WSR). ThelogKcm values of Naph, Phen, and Py are 3.13, 4.44 and 5.01 respectively, which are about the same as the logKow values. At 5000 mg/L of SCOS conccentration, the apparent solubilities are 8.80, 121, and 674 times as the intrinsic solubilities for Naph, Phen, and Py. The effects of inorganic ions and temperature on the solubilization of solutes are also investigated. The solubilization is improved with a moderate addition of Ca^2 , Na^ , NH4^ and the mixture of Na^ , K^ , Ca^2 , Mg^2 and NH4^ . WSR values are enhanced by 22.0% for Naph,23.4% for Phen, and 24.6% for Py with temperature increasing by 5~C. The results indicated that SCOS microemulsions improve the performance of the surfactant-enhanced remediation(SER) of soil, by increasing solubilities of organic pollutants and reducing the level of surfactant pollution and remediation expenses.     

简易法测定水中的微量烷基苯磺酸盐

水中微量烷基苯磺酸盐（ＡＢＳ），与结晶紫（ＣＶ）生成紫色配合物。加入聚氯乙烯软质薄片与其作用，被聚氯乙烯软片吸附、染成紫色，而紫色的深浅和水中的ＡＢＳ浓度成正比例，借此测定出ＡＢＳ的含量。     

直链烷基苯磺酸钠对鲤鱼的慢性毒性损伤的酶学诊断

本文研究了LAS对鲤鱼不同组织部位SOD的损伤程度。说明低浓度的LAS可导致鲤鱼各组织的氧化损失，可以考虑SOD活性作为该类化合物对水环境污染胁迫的敏感生物指示物。     

钛酸四丁酯水解制备TiO2光催化氧化五氯苯酚钠

为制备高效、实用的TiO2半导体光催化剂,通过光催化氧化五氯苯酚钠实验,结合对催化剂晶型结构、比表面积的表征分析,研究了钛酸四丁酯水解制备TiO2粉末的两大影响因素R值(R是水和钛酸四丁酯的摩尔比)和烧结温度.实验结果表明,当R=100、温度为650℃烧结1h,钛酸四丁酯水解所制备的TiO2粉末光催化活性和使用寿命均比较理想.用R100-650型催化剂做光催化实验,当反应液初始五氯苯酚钠(PCP-Na)浓度为100 mg/L、pH值为6.5,TiO2投加量为2 g/L,光照强度为30W/m2时,五氯苯酚钠2 h光催化氧化率达95.5%.