厌氧氨氧化反应器启动及运行的研究进展

厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)工艺是近年来废水处理领域的一个新发现。它是指在厌氧条件下由自养型Anammox细菌将NH4 -N直接转化为N2。厌氧氨氧化作为一种新型的污水处理工艺具有较高的理论意义和良好的应用前景。在此,概述了近年来国内研究人员在Anammox工艺研究中所采用的不同培养反应器及其启动方法和培养过程,以及他们的成功经验,由此说明厌氧氨氧化研究利用的可行性及其研究意义。     

深海热液喷口周围微氧耐压细菌的培养研究

研究采用析因实验设计,探讨了培养基的水源、培养温度和生长pH等因素对喷口细菌生长繁殖的影响,初步探索了常压下东太平洋某海底喷口周围微氧耐压细菌的生长条件。样品培养10d后,对培养液中细菌量进行显微计数,实验数据用SPSS11.0统计软件中的方差分析程序进行处理。统计结果显示:在标准大气压下,从研究样品中获得最多细菌数的较优培养条件为:培养基水源为单蒸水;生长pH为7.60;培养温度为50℃。在该条件的培养液中细菌平均浓度达2.596×10个/mL。研究结果为进一步认识、鉴定与开发利用深海喷口周围细菌资源打下了基础。     

用选择细菌培养法处理纺织物整理印染工艺的废水

纺织物整理印染工艺的废水的成份比较复杂,变化多。一种新的处理方法是用选择细菌培养法来进行处理。纺织工业废水的处理系统主要有两类,一类是充气塘法,另一类是活性污泥法。在充气塘法中,废水以计算好的时间(5～100天甚至更长)停留在塘里,充气机供给溶解氧并进行混合,大量细菌产生出来并降解有机污染物。降解产生的生物沉淀于塘的下部,上部清水排出。在活性污泥法中,废水的停留时间一般为1～5天。同样进行充气、混合,大量细菌驯化有机污染物并生长,但在出口处才让降解产生的生物沉淀。上层清液溢过溢流堰排出,而沉淀的生物(即污泥)     

基于微流控技术的抗生素敏感性分析研究进展

微流控技术是一种基于对微纳流体的操控从而实现特定功能的分析技术,具有微型化、集成化等特点,在生物、化学、医学等领域表现出了很好的发展潜力和应用前景.利用微流控芯片开发细菌培养和抗生素敏感性分析技术,既能对细菌的培养条件实现精确调控,对细菌生长状态进行实时观察,还能显著节省培养时间和使用成本,并缩短抗生素最小抑制浓度的检测周期.有鉴于此,本文针对抗生素敏感分析中微流控技术的研究进展进行评述,以期为相关研究提供一些思路.     

Electrochemical disinfection using the gas di usion electrode system

A study on the electrochemical disinfection with H2O2 generated at the gas diffusion electrode(GDE) from active carbon/polytetrafluoroethylene was performed in a non-membrane cell.The effects of Pt load and the pore-forming agent content in GDE,and operating conditions were investigated.The experimental results showed that nearly all bacterial cultures inoculated in the secondary effluent from wastewater treatment plant could be inactivated within 30 min at a current density of 10 mA/cm 2 .The disinfection ...     

Anaerobic benzene biodegradation by a pure bacterial culture of Bacillus cereus under nitrate reducing conditions

A pure culture using benzene as sole carbon and energy sources was isolated by screening procedure from gasoline contaminated soil. The analysis of the 16S rDNA gene sequence, morphological and physiological characteristics showed that the isolated strain was a member of genus Bacillus cereus. The biodegradation performance of benzene by B. cereus was evaluated, and the results showed that benzene could be e ciently biodegraded when the initial benzene concentration was below 150 mg/L. The metabolites of anaerobic nitrate-dependent benzene oxidation by strain B. cereus were identified as phenol and benzoate. The results of substrate interaction between binary combinations for benzene, phenol and benzoate showed that the simultaneous presence of benzene stimulated the degradation of benzoate, whereas the addition of benzene inhibited the degradation of phenol. Benzene degradation by B. cereus was enhanced by the addition of phenol and benzoate, the enhanced e ects were more pronounced at higher concentration. To our knowledge, this is the first report that the isolated bacterial culture of B. cereus can e ciently degraded benzene under nitrate reducing conditions.