开发区闲置荒地的环境状况及对策

近年来,随着我省工业化、城市化进程的加快,用地量不断增加。大城市周围,小城镇附近,甚至小小乡镇的农田上,人造黄土高坡式的开发区一片片。仅1986～1994年,我省非农建设占用耕地共6.9万多公顷。目前我省查出丢荒闲置地3.71万公顷,这些开发区闲置荒地的环境状况,令人担忧。     

赣江流域山丘荒地的形成、危害和开发途径

赣江流域的山丘荒地总面积约为 2902×10⁴亩,除 35×10⁴亩属于“十边草地”零星分布于路边、河边、田边、村边、沟边之外,比较成片的约有 2867×10⁴亩（见表 1）,略多于现有耕地,而且相当于现有林地的一半。这些荒地 3/4以上分布在红壤丘陵（低丘岗地 388×10⁴亩,占13.5％;中低丘1236×10⁴亩,占43.1％;高丘605×10⁴亩,占21.2％;山地638×10⁴亩,占22.3％）,而且主要分于于上、中游地区（上游地区占60.2％,中游地区占25.4％,下游地区占14.4％）。综合开发治理、合理利用这些山丘荒地,是赣江流域、特别是上、中游地区的农民摆脱贫穷落后困境、实现小康目标的重要环节之一。     

湖北省山区荒地资源的社会条件分析

湖北省山区荒地资源的社会条件分析涂成焱，叶德嘉，穆越，熊师斌（湖北大学．武汉４３００６２）湖北省山区荒地资源开发利用程度不高，主要原因是受自然和社会条件的影响。本文着重阐述了湖北省４个山区社会条件的各种影响因素。１鄂西北秦巴山区秦巴山区横亘于湖北省西...     

我国“四荒”资源的成因及其开发潜力

“四荒”是指可资农业利用而目前尚未开发的土地和水面，包括荒山、荒地、荒滩和荒水。人为开发利用不当是我国“四荒”资源的主要成因。“四荒”资源按其适宜性可分为宜农、宜园、宜林、宜牧、宜水产养殖５种类型，都有一定规模的开发潜力。     

遥感在荒地资源调查及开发利用中的应用

利用先进的遥感技术对荒地资源进行调查,可以直接、准确地圈定荒地的范围;确定荒地的土壤性质,这一手段不仅精度高,而且省时省力。另外,本文根据遥感解译,还提出了荒地资源开发利用的构想,并针对性地提出了相应的生产模式。     

贺兰山东麓宜林荒地资源的开发利用

1贺兰山东麓宜林荒地资源的基本特征1．1地貌、地形及生态条件贺兰山位于银川平原与阿拉善高原之间，呈北北东一南南西走向，南北长约250km，东西宽约20km～40km，海拔为2000m～3000m，山麓地区平均海拔约1100m，由缓坡石砾洪积平原与黄河冲积平原两部分组成。同时，贺兰山处于我国温带大陆性气候与大陆性季风气候的西界，冬季受强大的蒙古高压控制，干燥严寒，盛行西北风；春季增温较快，乍寒乍暖；夏季降水量少，天气炎热；秋季较短，降温较快。贺兰山还位于我国温带草原区与荒漠区的分界处，各类植物成分相互渗透，过渡性极为明显，植被…     

Nitrification potentials of Chinese tea orchard soils and their adjacent wasteland and forest soils

To investigate the nitrifying activities of di erent soil types, soil samples collected from 8-, 50- and 90-year old tea orchards, the adjacent wasteland, and 90-year old forest were measured for their nitrification potentials using the conventional soil incubation and the liquid incubation method. Among di erent soil types, the nitrification potential of soil in tea orchards was higher than that of wasteland and forest soils. The slurry shaken liquid incubation method was confirmed to be more accurate and have reliable results than the soil incubation. Interestingly, experimental result revealed that the generally applied pH value of 7.2 for the liquid media was not the optimal pH for these acid soils with a strong bu er capacity. This suggested that tea orchard soils may have nitrifiers requiring pHneutral condition for the best activity. Our data also showed that treatment with the commonly used nitrogen fertilizer urea significantly improved nitrification potential of the soils; such enhancement e ect was stronger on all of three tea orchard soils than on wasteland and forest soils, and also stronger on the younger (8- and 50-year old) tea orchard soils than on the older one (90-year old).